Electrical conductivity near the Earth's surface: Ion–aerosol model

Nagaraja, K.K.; Prasad, B. S. N.; Srinivas, N.; Madhava, M. S.

doi:10.1016/j.jastp.2005.12.005

Cited by 18 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 28 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Radon, being a gas, accumulates more near the surface during nighttime and in the early morning hours due to less turbulence. As the day advances the temperature increases and hence the turbulence increases, thereby reducing ionization in the afternoon (Nagaraja et al, 2006). The concentration varies between 436 and 1663 ion cm À 3 with a mean of 734 ion cm À 3 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of small ion concentration near the Earth's surface

Nagaraja¹,

Pawar²,

Murugavel³

et al. 2011

Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

a b s t r a c tAtmospheric ions produced by radon gas exhalation from the Earth's surface can play a vital role in the electrification of atmosphere, especially during nights when the gases are trapped in a stable layer close to the surface. The measurements of concentration of radon and its progeny, air conductivity and aerosol size distribution made at Pune, India, have been analyzed. The concentrations of radon and its progeny show maxima during night and early morning hours, between 0500 and 0700 IST when atmosphere is more stable and mixing is low and start decreasing after sunrise and attain minima during 1000-1800 h when air is unstable. The diurnal variation of the ionization rate, calculated using the concentrations of radon and its progeny, follows the variations of concentrations of radon and its progeny. The ion-aerosol balance equations are solved to study the effect of aerosols on small ion concentration in the lower atmosphere. It has been found that during daytime when aerosol concentration is high, 20-30% reduction in small ion concentration can occur due to aerosols. The small ion concentration estimated using measured air conductivity is compared with small ion concentration estimated by solving ion-aerosol balance equations and both are found to be in good agreement with each other.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of small ion concentration near the Earth's surface

Nagaraja¹,

Pawar²,

Murugavel³

et al. 2011

Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Model computed conductivity of the atmosphere is used to validate the measured conductivity from a Gerdien condenser setup. Nagaraja et al (2006) have described the experimental method for the measurement of ground level atmospheric electrical conductivity near the earth's surface and its validation using a simple Ion-aerosol model. The present model work is an extension of the earlier work for the estimation of percent reduction in conductivity for assumed higher ambient aerosol levels, which may be the result of increased pollution due to vehicular exhaust, industrial effluents, anthropogenic activity etc.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Radioactive emanations from ground are trapped below inversions, and their accumulations cause an increase in ionization and consequently increase in concentration in the lower atmosphere during the nighttime (Hoppel et al, 1986). Increased vertical mixing caused by increase in temperature and rising of aerosols to the higher altitudes results in the lower value of ionization rate at the ground level (Nagaraja et al, 2006). The concentration varies between 436 and 1663 ions cm -3 with a mean of 734 ions cm -3 .…”

Section: Variation Of Small Ion Concentrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is observed that the conductivity of both polarities show maxima in the early morning hours between 0400 and 0700 hrs of IST, it decreases after sunrise, and attains minimum in the afternoon. This is due to the fact that the raise in temperature causes increased vertical mixing and rising of aerosols to the higher altitudes, which results in the lower value of ionization rate, and hence conductivity at the ground level (Dhanorkar et al, 1989;Nagaraja et al, 2006). The positive conductivity varies between 0.3 to 1.8 x 10 -14 Ω -1 m -1 with a median of 0.8 x 10 -14 Ω -1 m -1 and the negative conductivity varies between 0.2 to 2.0 x 10 -14 Ω -1 m -1 with a median of 0.7 x 10 -14 Ω -1 m -1 .…”

Section: Variation Of Conductivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Electrical Conductivity as an Index of Air Pollution in the Atmosphere

Nagaraja¹,

Prasad²,

Datta³

2011

Advanced Air Pollution

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…These ions play a very important role in atmospheric electricity, ion-aerosol interaction and its modelling plays a vital role in cloud physics, earthquake prediction, air pollution studies, etc. (Srinivas et al 2001;Nagaraja et al 2006Nagaraja et al , 2009Freund et al 2009;Matthews et al 2012;Pawar 2013;Mizuno and Takashima 2013). The total alpha energy released by the radon progenies together is extracted from the Alpha Progeny Meter and the total energy released ε (eV cm −3 s −1 ) due to both radon and its progeny concentration is arrived using the standard approach (Hoppel and Frick 1986).…”

Section: Estimation Of Ion Pair Production Rate Due To Alpha Particlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Activity of radon (222Rn) in the lower atmospheric surface layer of a typical rural site in south India

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Analysis of one year measurements of in situ radon (222 Rn) and its progenies along with surface air temperature, relative humidity and pressure near to the Earth's surface has been carried out for the first time at the National Atmospheric Research Laboratory (NARL, 13.5• N and 79.2 • E) located in a rural site in Gadanki, south India. The dataset was analysed to understand the behaviour of radon in relation to the surface air temperature and relative humidity at a rural site. It was observed that over a period of the 24 hours in a day, the activity of radon and its progenies reaches a peak in the morning hours followed by a remarkable decrease in the afternoon hours. Relatively, a higher concentration of radon was observed at NARL during fair weather days, and this can be attributed to the presence of rocky hills and dense vegetation surrounding the site. The high negative correlation between surface air temperature and activity of radon (R = -0.70, on an annual scale) suggests that dynamical removal of radon due to increased vertical mixing is one of the most important controlling processes of the radon accumulation in the atmospheric surface layer. The annual averaged activity of radon was found to be 12.01±0.66 Bq m −3 and 4.25±0.18 Bq m −3 for its progenies, in the study period.

show abstract

Electrical conductivity near the Earth's surface: Ion–aerosol model

Cited by 18 publications

References 28 publications

Estimation of small ion concentration near the Earth's surface

Estimation of small ion concentration near the Earth's surface

The Electrical Conductivity as an Index of Air Pollution in the Atmosphere

Activity of radon (222Rn) in the lower atmospheric surface layer of a typical rural site in south India

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About