Control of van der Waals interfaces is crucial for fabrication
of nanomaterial-based high-performance thermoelectric devices because
such interfaces significantly affect the overall thermoelectric performances
of the device due to their relatively high thermal resistance. Such
interfaces could induce different thermoelectric power from the bulk,
i.e., interfacial thermoelectric power. However, from a macroscopic
point of view, a correct evaluation of the interfacial thermoelectric
power is difficult owing to various interface configurations. Therefore,
the study of the thermoelectric properties at a single interface is
crucial to address this problem. Herein, we used in situ transmission electron microscopy and nanomanipulation to investigate
the thermoelectric properties of carbon nanotubes and their interfaces.
The thermoelectric power of the bridged carbon nanotubes was individually
measured. The existence of the interfacial thermoelectric power was
determined by systematically changing the contact size between the
two parallel nanotubes. The effect of interfacial thermoelectric power
was qualitatively supported by Green’s function calculations.
When the contact length between two parallel nanotubes was less than
approximately 100 nm, the experimental results and theoretical calculations
indicated that the interface significantly contributed to the total
thermoelectric power. However, when the contact length was longer
than approximately 200 nm, the total thermoelectric power converged
to the value of a single nanotube. The findings herein provide a basis
for investigating thermoelectric devices with controlled van der Waals
interfaces and contribute to thermal management in nanoscale devices
and electronics.