Electrical conductivity of carbon blacks under compression

Sánchez-González, José; Macı́as-Garcı́a, A.; Alexandre-Franco, María; Gómez-Serrano, V.

doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2004.10.045

Cited by 242 publications

(149 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…These readings were confirmed with results from wide frequency ac conductivity measurements [93]. Impedance spectroscopy has also been used to study the conductivity of carbon blacks as a function of compression and the conductivity was found to be directly related to the density of the carbons [94].…”

Section: Electrical Transport In Carbon Microspheressupporting

confidence: 57%

The electrical transport properties of nitrogen doped carbon microspheres

Wright

Marsicano

Keartland

et al. 2014

Materials Chemistry and Physics

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A suite of four samples of nitrogen doped carbon microspheres, each with a different level of nitrogen dopant, was synthesised in a horizontal chemical vapour deposition reaction. The samples were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. Scanning electron microscopy showed that microspheres were produced by the reaction. Raman spectroscopy confirmed the graphitic nature of the samples. Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy determined that nitrogen was present in the graphitic lattice and was used as a non-destructive technique to measure the amount of substitutional nitrogen present in the samples. In order to perform electrical transport measurements an automated magneto-transport measurement station was developed in the laboratory. This transport station was computer controlled and contained all of the necessary hardware and software required to perform magneto-electrical transport measurements. Variable temperature electrical transport measurements were performed on all samples to determine their conductive properties. Resistance measurements showed that two of the samples were semiconductors while the other two samples displayed a transition to metallic behaviour at higher temperatures. This transition can be ascribed to the thermal desorption of nitrogen dopant. Models were fitted to the data and the semiconducting behaviour is best explained by a model of fluctuation induced tunnelling while the metallic behaviour is best explained by a quasi-1 dimensional metallic term based on electron-phonon interactions. The IV characteristics of two of the samples display increasing non-linearity of the current's voltage dependence with decreasing temperature. The other two samples exhibit this behaviour at lower temperatures while higher temperature IV data displays a current saturation with increasing voltage. The same models used to explain the resistance measurements can be used to explain the IV characteristics data extremely well. The magnetoresistance data taken with the direction of current flow orientated both parallel and perpendicular to the field, show a transition from negative to positive magnetoresistance with decreasing temperature. The results of these experiments are inconclusive, as a theoretical model of magnetoresistance in systems that conduct via fluctuation induced tunnelling is not well defined. A comparison between the resistance measurements of all four samples was made to determine the effect of nitrogen doping on the samples' ii Abstract electronic transport properties. The result of this comparison was indeterminate. This was due to samples with identical nitrogen dopant levels displaying vastly different conductive properties and indicates that very strict synthesis conditions need to be adhered to in order to ensure sample quality. Resistance measurements were rerun on the two samples that displayed purely semiconducting behaviour to investigate the possibility of atmospheric doping. It was foun...

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Section: Electrical Transport In Carbon Microspheressupporting

confidence: 57%

The electrical transport properties of nitrogen doped carbon microspheres

Wright

Marsicano

Keartland

et al. 2014

Materials Chemistry and Physics

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“…Both the conductivity and its variation in compression are positively related to carbon density. Six types of commercial carbon blacks were compacted, then measured for electrical conductivity properties (Sánchez-González et al, 2005). Methods have been investigated to detect damage by electrical resistance in carbon fiber polymer matrix composites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Phenolic resin as a matrix in these composites is not electrically conductive (Szczepanik et al, 2009), so when it fills the gaps dissolution of carbon fiber will increase the flow resistance. Research shows that electrical conductivity depends on the number of effective electrical contacts formed between carbon particles (Sánchez-González et al, 2005). Irregularities cause unstable flow of electricity in the composite as a whole due to cracks or cavities.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrical and Mechanical Properties of Phenolic Resin and Gigantochloa Apus Carbon Fiber Composites

Pramono¹,

Rebet²,

Zulfa³

2017

IJTech

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This work revealed electrical and mechanical properties of phenolic resin composites made from Gigantochloa apus carbon fiber, or bamboo carbon fiber reinforced polymer (BCFRP) composites. Bamboo fibers were carbonized at a temperature of 800°C, with a temperature rate of 4.2°C/minutes, held for 120 minutes. Carbon fibers were arranged in one direction. Phenolic resin weights were determined to be 5% to 10%. Higher carbon fiber contents indicated higher electrical conductivity of the composite. Increased carbon fiber content tends to increase the tensile strength of the composite, although this result was unstable. Mechanical instability was caused by cracks and cavities formed between the fiber and the phenolic resin. Cracks primarily occurred at the interface between bamboo carbon fibers and phenolic resin. This was most likely caused by the intrusion of air at the time the phenolic resin was cast. This air became trapped in between the fiber surfaces. Bamboo carbon fiber is fragile and easily broken in both longitudinal and transverse directions. When an air bubble bursts between carbon fibers, the carbon fiber braid breaks up, causing electrical resistance in composites. Not all carbon fibers in phenolic resin disconnect this way; most still form the strands that can conduct electricity. These breaks are the cause of the instability of the electrical conductivity properties of the composite.

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“…Therefore, hydrophilicity and dispersibility of the nanoparticles, which are the key to the nanoparticle coating of fabrics, should be increased [4]. Their most important properties for inks, coatings, and plastics are related to the final product appearance, UV protection, and electrical conductivity [5]. Carbon blacks have a conductivity in the range of 0.1 to 10 S/cm at ambient temperature [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Thermal and Electrical Conductivity Properties of Carbon Black Coated Cotton Fabrics

Gültekin

Usta

2015

Marmara Fen Bil Dergisi

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In this study, the thermal and electrical conductivity properties of carbon black coated cotton fabrics were investigated. To obtain coated cotton fabrics, first carbon black nanoparticles were dispersed in distilled water. To improve dispersion stability of water based carbon black coating solutions, anionic wetting and dispersing agent was used. Plain weaved cotton fabrics were dipped into carbon black dispersion for 5 min. Because of the strong absorption, the cotton fabric was quickly coated by the carbon black dispersion. Then, the fabric with carbon black dispersion was subsequently dried in an oven at 120°C for 10 min to remove water. The dipping-drying process was repeated for 5 times to increase the carbon black loading in cotton fabric. Different carbon black concentrations on coating process were examined. The effects of carbon black loading on thermal and electrical conductivity properties of fabrics were investigated.

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Electrical conductivity of carbon blacks under compression

Cited by 242 publications

References 29 publications

The electrical transport properties of nitrogen doped carbon microspheres

The electrical transport properties of nitrogen doped carbon microspheres

Electrical and Mechanical Properties of Phenolic Resin and Gigantochloa Apus Carbon Fiber Composites

Investigation of Thermal and Electrical Conductivity Properties of Carbon Black Coated Cotton Fabrics

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