Electrical coupling and dye transfer between acinar cells in rat salivary glands.

Hammer, Marie; Sheridan, Judson D.

doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1978.sp012203

Cited by 35 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(57 reference statements)

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“…That this can occur in rodent salivary glands has been demonstrated experimentally in rat parotid and submandibular glands (Hammer and Sheridan, 1978) and in mouse submandibular glands (Kater and Galvin, 1978). As in other systems (Sheridan, 1976;Loewenstein, 19791, molecular traffic between salivary gland cells can have important consequences in terms of secretory activity, and, in growing animals, in terms of differentiation and growth.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Gap junctions in rat sublingual gland

Nagato

Tandler

1986

Anat. Rec.

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Gap junctions were observed in rat sublingual gland to link serous cells to serous cells, mucous cells to mucous cells, and myoepithelial cells to myoepithelial cells. In addition to connecting homologous cells, gap junctions were present between conterminous serous and mucous cells. Since the rat sublingual gland is innervated solely by parasympathetic nerves, the presence of gap junctions between disparate secretory cell types raises the possibility that serous and mucous cells in this organ secrete simultaneously in response to parasympathetic stimulation.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Gap junctions in rat sublingual gland

Nagato

Tandler

1986

Anat. Rec.

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“…The functional significance of electrical coupling remains to be clarified. The main function may be the exchange of metabolites between coupled cells, as is suggested in other tissues (Bennett, 1973;Hammer & Sheridan, 1978;Loewenstein, 1981). Alternatively, electrical coupling may facilitate synchronous firing of coupled neurones, as is suggested in some central neurones (Bennett, Pappas, Gimenez & Nakajima, 1967;MacVicar & Dudek, 1981).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

On the two subdivisions and intrinsic synaptic connexions in the submandibular ganglion of the rat.

Kawakami¹,

Roper²

1984

The Journal of Physiology

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Parasympathetic neurones in the submandibular ganglion of the rat innervate the submandibular and sublingual salivary glands. Neurones which innervate the submandibular gland (s.m. neurones) are usually located along the salivary ducts which drain both glands. Neurones which innervate the sublingual gland (s.l. neurones) are located in the thin sheet of tissue which lies between the salivary ducts and the lingual nerve. The existence and characteristics of intrinsic synaptic connexions were studied electrophysiologically in these two divisions of the submandibular ganglion. Three days or more after denervating the ganglion two types of excitatory intrinsic synaptic potentials--chemical and electrical--were recorded in ganglion cells. Chemical synaptic responses were reversibly blocked by nicotinic antagonists such as hexamethonium (10 microM) and D-tubocurarine (100 microM). Intrinsic chemical synapses were common among s.m. neurones (present in 72% of neurones) but only 12% of s.l. neurones were coupled with chemical synapses. Electrical coupling was found among 31% of s.m. neurones but was not observed between s.l. neurones. Electrotonic coupling in s.m. neurones in denervated and intact ganglia was directly demonstrated by impaling adjacent neurones with separate micro-electrodes. The average coupling ratio for current pulses injected into one cell and recorded in the adjacent cell was 0.06. During the first 30 days after birth, the number of synaptic inputs from preganglionic (chorda tympani) axons was markedly reduced in both s.m. and s.l. neurones, whereas the incidence of electrical synaptic connexions remained unchanged. The effect of long-term denervation (up to 4 months) on intrinsic synapses was examined. The membrane properties of the parasympathetic neurones and the intrinsic synaptic connexions were maintained without marked changes. It is concluded that the submandibular ganglion in the rat consists of two distinct populations of parasympathetic neurones. The two classes of neurones differ in (1) their location within the ganglion, (2) their target organs and (3) the incidence of intrinsic synapses. Possible mechanisms for the development, maintenance and function of these intrinsic synapses are discussed.

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“…When injected into one cell, fluorescent dyes such as Lucifer yellow, Procion yellow and fluorescein are seen to move into adjacent cells, and cells in tissue culture exchange small metabolites such as thymidine monophosphate. Evidence for direct cell to cell communication has been obtained in, for example, epithelial cells, bladder cells and Drosophila larvae salivary gland (Loewenstein, Socolar, Higashino, Kanno & Davidson, 1965), liver cells (Penn, 1966), pancreatic acini (Petersen & Ueda, 1976), mammalian salivary gland cells (Hammer & Sheridan, 1978). Similarly, cells within embryos of many species have been shown to be in ionic communication with each other (Potter, Furshpan & Lennox, 1966;Ito & Loewenstein, 1969;Palmer & Slack, 1970;Tupper & Saunders, 1970).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intracellular pH in early Xenopus embryos: its effect on current flow between blastomeres.

Turin¹,

Warner²

1980

The Journal of Physiology

209

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SUMMARY1. Electrophysiological techniques were used to monitor the flow of electric current from one cell to the next in Xenopus laevis embryos between the 4-cell and early blastula stages of development. Intracellular pH and blastocoel pH were determined using pH-sensitive micro-electrodes.2. The resting intracellular pH was 7-74 + 0*02 (S.E. of mean, n = 29); there were no systematic differences between developmental stages. Blastocoel cavity pH was 8-4 + 0-06 (S.E. of mean, n = 10). The intracellular buffer value was 18 m-equiv. H+/pH unit per litre.3. In embryos treated with bicarbonate buffered Holtfreter solution equilibrated with 100 % CO2 the intracellular pH fell to 6.3 + 0.17 (S.D., n = 8). The membrane potential fell and the input resistance increased. The size of the effect on membrane potential and input resistance varied. 4. From the 32-cell stage onwards current flow from one cell to the next was abolished when the intracellular pH fell to below 6-5; the effect was rapid in onset and completely reversible. At cleavage stages of development lowering intracellular pH with CO2 had no effect on current flow from cell to cell. 5. The relationship between intracellular pH and current flow from cell to cell was sigmoid and covered between 0-2 and 0 4 pH units. The pH at which current flow was completely abolished ranged from 6-85 to 6-4.6. Alterations in extraembryonic pH over the range 5-8-7-5 had no effect on any parameter measured.7. We conclude that lowering the intracellular pH increases the resistance of both non-junctional and junctional membranes. The data do not allow us to extract the pH-junctional conductance relationship.8. Variations in intracellular pH may provide a useful tool for the study of the functional role of direct cell to cell communication in both adult organs and early embryos.* Intracellular pH measurements were made in the laboratory of R. C. Thomas.

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Electrical coupling and dye transfer between acinar cells in rat salivary glands.

Cited by 35 publications

References 35 publications

Gap junctions in rat sublingual gland

Gap junctions in rat sublingual gland

On the two subdivisions and intrinsic synaptic connexions in the submandibular ganglion of the rat.

Intracellular pH in early Xenopus embryos: its effect on current flow between blastomeres.

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