Electrical, mechanical, and glass transition behavior of polycarbonate-based nanocomposites with different multi-walled carbon nanotubes

Castillo, Frank Yepez; Socher, Robert; Krause, Beate; Headrick, Robert J.; Grady, Brian P.; Prada-Silvy, Ricardo; Pötschke, Petra

doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2011.06.018

Cited by 161 publications

(151 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…65 In the latter study, T g increased by $3 C at 1% nanotube content followed by a decrease while solvent extraction of the polycarbonate showed that the molecular weight was much lower for the samples processed with filler than without filler. Two other studies 66,67 showed an immediate decrease with added nanotubes followed by a plateau while another showed a decrease then an increase, 68 qualitative behaviors that are difficult to rationalize via a degradation mechanism.…”

Section: Dynamics: Glass Transition and Diffusion Coefficientmentioning

confidence: 93%

Effects of carbon nanotubes on polymer physics

Grady

2012

J Polym Sci B Polym Phys

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A single carbon nanotube has many similarities with an individual polymer chain including the fact that the end-to-end length of both are often about the same and the diameter of the chain is about the same (for single-walled nanotubes) or only $10 to 20 times larger (for multiwalled nanotubes). The combination of the solid surface and the similarity of the two materials means that polymer physics are altered in manners not seen with any other type of commonly used filler. The purpose of this review is to update a chapter that appears in a recent tome by Grady (2011) and describe how polymer physics is altered in composites that contain carbon nanotubes. Subjects that will be discussed include chain configuration, glass transition, polymer diffusion, unit cells and crystalline superstructure (lamellae, spherulites and shishkebabs), and crystallization kinetics. V C 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 50: 2012

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Section: Dynamics: Glass Transition and Diffusion Coefficientmentioning

confidence: 93%

Effects of carbon nanotubes on polymer physics

Grady

2012

J Polym Sci B Polym Phys

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“…The rate of C p decay however slows down on greater than 2!wt% filler reinforcement which probably indicates the MWCNT threshold. It is also interesting to observe, at higher MWCNT loadings, a decrease in T g and C p , which is quite uncommon but has however been earlier reported [40,41]. The area under the tan # curve of DMA measurement is a measure of the amount of polymer taking part in the glass transition according to Brady et al [38].…”

Section: Glass Transition and Matrix-filler Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 78%

Multiwalled carbon nanotubes incorporated into a miscible blend of poly(phenylenether)/polystyrene – Processing and characterization

Sathyanarayana

Wegrzyn²,

Olowojoba³

et al. 2013

Express Polym. Lett.

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Abstract. 4 wt% multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were incorporated into a miscible blend of polyphenylenether/ polystyrene (PPE/PS) on a twin-screw extruder at a screw speed of 600 rpm. The masterbatch obtained was diluted at 400 and 600 rpm to obtain lower MWCNT loadings in PPE/PS. Electron microscopy & optical microscopy images show very good MWCNT dispersion even at high filler loadings of 4!wt%, but slightly larger agglomerate size fractions are observable at higher screw speeds. While MWCNT addition enhanced the thermal stability of PPE/PS, a small change in glass transition was observed on the composites at different filler concentrations compared to PPE/PS. The specific heat capacity at glass transition decreases considerably until 2!wt% MWCNT and levels down thereafter for both processing conditions pointing to enhanced filler-matrix interaction at lower loadings. Storage modulus of the nanocomposites was enhanced significantly on MWCNT incorporation with reinforcing effect dropping considerably as a function of temperature, especially at lower filler contents. The modulus and the tensile strength of PPE/PS were only marginally enhanced in spite of excellent MWCNT dispersion in the matrix. Electrical percolation occurs at 0.4!wt% MWCNT content, and the electrical conductivity of 0.5!wt% MWCNT reinforced PPE/PS was close to 12 orders in magnitude higher compared to PPE/PS.

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“…Dentro deste conceito, os polímeros reforçados com nanotubos de carbono são considerados uma excelente alternativa, visto que sua obtenção pode resultar em materiais com diferentes níveis de condutividade elétrica, dando maior flexibilidade para o processamento de dispositivos eletrônicos com propriedades específicas. Entre os principais aspectos que devem ser considerados durante sua obtenção são a razão de aspecto destas nanopartículas, bem como sua distribuição e dispersão em diversas matrizes poliméricas [5,6] . A quantidade de nanopartículas incorporadas na matriz desempenha um papel fundamental na obtenção dos CPCE.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Estudo das propriedades elétricas e térmicas de compósitos nanoestruturados de poli(sulfeto de fenileno) reforçados com nanotubos de carbono

2015

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ResumoNeste trabalho o comportamento de cristalização e a condutividade elétrica de compósitos nanoestruturados de poli(sulfeto de fenileno) reforçado com nanotubos de carbono de paredes múltiplas obtidos através da técnica de mistura em fusão foram estudados. A incorporação do nanoreforço na matriz polimérica foi responsável por um aumento da cristalinidade devido ao fenômeno de nucleação heterogênea. A condutividade elétrica do PPS apresentou um aumento de 11 ordens de magnitude quando 2,0 m/m% de MWCNT foram adicionados a matriz polimérica. Além disso, o limite de percolação elétrica encontrado para este sistema foi de 1,4 m/m% de MWCNT, revelando a formação de uma rede condutiva tridimensional no interior da matriz polimérica. Palavras-chave: PPS, MWCNT, cristalização, propriedades elétricas, limite de percolação elétrica. AbstractIn this work, the crystallization behavior and electrical conductivity of multiwalled carbon nanotubes reinforced poly (phenylene sulfide) nanostructured composites obtained by melt mixing were investigated. The incorporation of nanofiller in polymeric matrix was responsible for an increase in crystallinity due heterogeneous nucleation phenomenon. The electrical conductivity of PPS showed an increase by 11 orders of magnitude when 2.0 wt% of MWCNT was considered. Moreover, the electrical percolation threshold found on this system was 1.4 wt%, suggesting the formation of three-dimensional conductive network within the polymeric matrix.

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Electrical, mechanical, and glass transition behavior of polycarbonate-based nanocomposites with different multi-walled carbon nanotubes

Cited by 161 publications

References 69 publications

Effects of carbon nanotubes on polymer physics

Effects of carbon nanotubes on polymer physics

Multiwalled carbon nanotubes incorporated into a miscible blend of poly(phenylenether)/polystyrene – Processing and characterization

Estudo das propriedades elétricas e térmicas de compósitos nanoestruturados de poli(sulfeto de fenileno) reforçados com nanotubos de carbono

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