Electrical properties of Sn-doped Ba0.75Sr0.25Ti0.95O3 perovskite

Direct electrocaloric, structural, dielectric, and electric properties of lead-free ferroelectric material Ba0.9Sr0.1Ti1-xSnxO3 synthesized by semi-wet method

“…In contrast to BTS, only few works have investigated the effect of the partial substitution of Ti 4+ by Sn 4+ in the BST matrix [24][25][26]. In the present work, the impact of Sn on the electrocaloric, structural, dielectric and electric conductivity properties of Ba0.9Sr0.1TiO3 was investigated.…”

Structure properties and dielectric relaxation of Ca0.1Na0.9Ti0.1Nb0.9O3 ceramic

“…8 In recent years, materials with lead-free compositions have attracted much interest for environmentfriendly applications. Promising compounds are BaTiO 3 based solid solutions, such as Ba(Ti, Sn)O 3, 9,10 Ba(Ti, Zr)O 3 , 11 Ba 0.8 -Sr 0.2 TiO 3 12,13 or BiFeO 3 . 14 Thanks to its numerous electric, dielectric and optical properties, calcium titanate (CaTiO 3 ) has been widely investigated.…”

Strong Piezoelectricity in (1 – x)(K0.4Na0.6)(Nb0.96Sb0.04)O3-xBi0.5K0.5Zr1–ySnyO3 Lead-Free Binary System: Identification and Role of Multiphase Coexistence

“…Lead-based ceramics possess an excellent piezoelectric constant ( d 33 ) and high electric field-induced strain and are currently applied in many electronic devices. However, most researchers have recently given considerable attention to lead-free piezoceramics because the hazardous Pb element will be gradually prohibited in electronic devices. − Due to the importance of high strain in piezoelectric actuators, related research has recently become very active. − ,− Previously, it was reported that a high strain could be well developed in the Bi 1/2 Na 1/2 TiO 3 (BNT)-based ceramics, − but the poor d 33 values (<200 pC/N) as well as high driving electric fields inevitably hinder their practical applications. − For example, a large strain of 0.45% under a high driving electric field (∼8 kV/mm) was achieved in (Bi 0.5 Na 0.5 )­TiO 3 –BaTiO 3 -(K,Na)­NbO 3 , and unfortunately there is a poor d 33 (<100 pC/N) . Although enhanced d 33 and d 33 * can be simultaneously observed in BaTiO 3 -based ceramics, a very low T C was always shown. − As a result, there are some incongruous developments between piezoelectricity and strain in the field of lead-free piezoelectrics.…”

“…In the past several years, there have been some reports on the strain investigations in (Bi 0.5 Na 0.5 )­TiO 3 and BaTiO 3 -based ceramics, and the Sn 4+ substitutions for Ti 4+ site can effectively enhance their strain behavior. − For example, a relatively high d 33 * value of 585 pm/V can be observed when the 5% mol SnO 2 was used to modify Bi 0.5 (Na 0.82 K 0.18 ) 0.5 TiO 3 . Furthermore, the Sn can promote piezoelectric and strain behavior of BaTiO 3 -based ceramics .…”