Electrical resistivity of liquid and solid lithium

Creffield, Geoffrey K.; Down, Michael G.; Pulham, R. J.

doi:10.1039/dt9740002325

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…The following parameters are used: the interface impedance at zero frequency (R if ) is 20 • cm 2 , the conductivity in the electrolyte (σ e ) and lithium bulk (σ s ) is 3.0 • 10 −4 S/cm (PS-PEO at 90 • C and a molar ratio of lithium to ethylene oxide of 0.1) 32 and 10.6 • 10 6 S/cm, respectively. 33 For the determination of the interface impedance ratio Z int,1 /Z int,2 and the transfer coefficient α, a cell setup as shown in Figures 4a-4b was used. Different sizes of the RE were assessed by varying the diameter (L ref ) between 2 and 50 μm.…”

Section: Mathematical Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a Wire Reference Electrode for Lithium All-Solid-State Batteries with Polymer Electrolyte: FEM Simulation and Experiment

Simon

Blume

Hanauer

et al. 2018

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is a powerful technique to study interface kinetics in lithium ion batteries. In order to separate the contributions of the working and counter electrode, a reference electrode (RE) is crucial. However, size and shape of the RE strongly influence the quality of the measurement data. In this study we define two criteria that enable the theoretical quality assessment of a wire-shaped RE as a function of its diameter. With help of a simplified Newman-type battery model we show that small wire diameters are essential in order to obtain meaningful EIS data, in particular when using polymer electrolytes, which have comparably low ionic conductivity. Therefore, a gold plated tungsten wire with 10 μm diameter is chosen as preferred RE. It is placed between two layers of electrolyte and lithiated before use to ensure a long-term stable reference potential. Using this setup, artifact-free EIS spectra are obtained for lithium/lithium and lithium/LFP cells with polymer electrolyte. Finally, two applications are shown for which a RE is indispensable: (I) the symmetry of anodic and cathodic lithium dissolution and deposition kinetics is characterized; (II) the growth of the anode and cathode impedance of a lithium/LFP cell during cycling is monitored.

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Section: Mathematical Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a Wire Reference Electrode for Lithium All-Solid-State Batteries with Polymer Electrolyte: FEM Simulation and Experiment

Simon

Blume

Hanauer

et al. 2018

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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“…Indeed a simple conductivity model puts even the worst estimate of 17 × 10 −6 mS/cm five orders of magnitude above pristine LTO. On the other hand, the ideal predicted case based on an in-plane hopping mechanism would lead to a conductivity of 100 mS/cm, which, though significantly lower than that of other anode materials, [31][32][33] is nevertheless comparable to the ion conductivities of the pristine material and super-ionic conductors. 2,10,34 Moreover, the existence of polarons also hints at a mechanism for the improved ion diffusivity in blue LTO, which is about twice that of pristine LTO.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Mobile Small Polarons Qualitatively Explain Conductivity in Lithium Titanium Oxide Battery Electrodes

Kick

Grosu

Schuderer

et al. 2020

J. Phys. Chem. Lett.

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Lithium titanium oxide Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 (LTO) is an intriguing anode material promising particularly long lived batteries, due to its remarkable phase stability during (dis)charging of the cell. However, its usage is limited by its low intrinsic electronic conductivity. Introducing oxygen vacancies can be one method to overcome this drawback, possibly by altering the charge carrier transport mechanism. We use Hubbard corrected density-functional theory (DFT+U) to show that polaronic states in combination with a possible hopping mechanism can play a crucial role in the experimentally observed increase of electronic conductivity. To gauge polaronic charge mobility, we compute relative stabilities of different localization patterns and estimate polaron hopping barrier heights. With this we finally show how defect engineering can indeed raise the electronic conductivity of LTO up to the level of its ionic conductivity, thereby explaining first experimental results for reduced LTO.

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“…Due to the low concentrations involved, the baseline scenario considers the characterization of these impurities via offline analysis by periodical extraction of Li samples. Other proposed online methods under consideration include a Resistivity Meter for online N monitoring [34] and a Electro-Chemically based H sensor [35].…”

Section: Characterize LI Purity and Performance Of The Impurity Contr...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of IFMIF-DONES diagnostics: Requirements and techniques

Torregrosa-Martin

Ibarra

Aguilar

et al. 2023

Fusion Engineering and Design

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Electrical resistivity of liquid and solid lithium

Cited by 13 publications

References 0 publications

Development of a Wire Reference Electrode for Lithium All-Solid-State Batteries with Polymer Electrolyte: FEM Simulation and Experiment

Development of a Wire Reference Electrode for Lithium All-Solid-State Batteries with Polymer Electrolyte: FEM Simulation and Experiment

Mobile Small Polarons Qualitatively Explain Conductivity in Lithium Titanium Oxide Battery Electrodes

Overview of IFMIF-DONES diagnostics: Requirements and techniques

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