Electrical stunning effectiveness with current levels lower than 1 A in lambs and kid goats

Llonch, Pol; Rodríguez, P.; Casal, N.; Carreras, Ricard; Muñoz, Israel; Dalmau, Antoni; Velarde, Antonio

doi:10.1016/j.rvsc.2014.12.009

Cited by 31 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…To link the occurrence of haemorrhages to the degree of skeletal muscle contractions during the clonic phase of electrical stunning, the intensity of muscular activities was individually scored in each animal as described by Llonch et al (2015). The score 2 was considered severe when muscular convulsion included movements from the body, head and extremities, while score 1 was considered moderate when the movements were from either the extremities or the head.…”

Section: Haemorrhages and Bone Fracture Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Electrical stunning which is achieved by the passage of a sufficient amount of current through the central nervous system (McNeal et al 2003) is the most common stunning application (Nakyinsige et al 2013). It works by inducing brain dysfunction and unconsciousness either temporarily in which case the animal dies as a result of bleeding, as is the case with head-only electrical stunning or with subsequent killing by cardiac arrest in head-to-back electrical stunning (Farouk 2013;Llonch et al 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Carcase characteristics and meat quality assessments in goats subjected to slaughter without stunning and slaughter following different methods of electrical stunning

Sabow

Adeyemi

Zulkifli

et al. 2017

Italian Journal of Animal Science

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The study examined meat quality and carcase haemorrhage in goats subjected to different methods of pre-slaughter electrical stunning or slaughtered without stunning. Thirty-two Boer crossbred bucks were randomly assigned to low-frequency head-only (LFHO; 1 A for 3 s at a frequency of 50 Hz), low-frequency head-to-back (LFHB: 1 A for 3 s at a frequency of 50 Hz) or high-frequency head-to-back (HFHB; 1 A for 3 s at a frequency of 850 Hz) pre-slaughter electrical stunning or slaughter without stunning (SWS). All the 32 animals were bled to drain excess blood from the carcase. The slaughter was performed by a licenced slaughter man by severing carotid artery, jugular vein, trachea and oesophagus. At 12 h post-mortem, LFHO, LFHB and HFHB had lower (p < .05) glycogen and higher lactate and glycolytic potential values than SWS. A faster (p < .05) rate of pH decline was found in LFHO, LFHB and HFHB compared to SWS. No physicochemical parameters except cooking loss differed between treatments. Cooking loss was higher (p < .05) in LFHO, LFHB and HFHB compared to SWS at 7 and 14 d post-mortem. Incidences of carcase haemorrhages in electrically stunned goats were higher than SWS. Nonetheless, HFHB had lower (p < .05) haemorrhages than LFHB and LFHO. Electrical stunning prior slaughter increased carcase haemorrhages and cooking loss but did not affect other meat quality traits in goats.

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Section: Haemorrhages and Bone Fracture Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carcase characteristics and meat quality assessments in goats subjected to slaughter without stunning and slaughter following different methods of electrical stunning

Sabow

Adeyemi

Zulkifli

et al. 2017

Italian Journal of Animal Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Therefore, the combination of the 3 signs confirms that onset of unconsciousness occurs about 30 s after the beginning of gas exposure. In fact, the appearance of low frequencies in the EEG and changes in EEG power were already considered good indicators of a change in brain activity in previous studies when animals were stunned with gas (EFSA, 2013) or even with other methods, such as electricity (Llonch et al, 2015) or the use of anaesthetics. For instance, Llonch et al (2011) found a change in brain activity 7 s after the loss of balance in pigs anaesthetised with propofol.…”

Section: Phase 2 Stunning Effectiveness Without Stickingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To ensure a good grip on the electrodes, rabbits were restrained-wrapped with a piece of cloth. Subsequently, the 3 electrodes were connected to a computer by means of a 150 cm coaxial cable (IoC ® view monitor; Morpheus Medical; Barcelona) to record brain activity using EEG as described in EFSA (2013) and Llonch et al (2015). The electrodes were connected to the computer to register brain activity 5 min before the descent, but the baseline EEG activity of the animals was recorded for 2 min.…”

Section: Phase 2 Stunning Effectiveness Without Stickingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Use of high concentrations of carbon dioxide for stunning rabbits reared for meat production

et al. 2016

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An investigation was performed to determine whether high concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) at 70-98% in atmospheric air are a suitable alternative for stunning rabbits compared to conventional approaches such as electronarcosis. Aversion to the gas and efficacy in causing prolonged unconsciousness and death were studied in a total of 480 rabbits by means of behavioural parameters, physiological indicators (presence of rhythmic breathing and corneal reflex) and electroencephalography (EEG, brain function). The use of any of the 4 studied concentrations of the gas caused more nasal discomfort and vocalisations than the use of atmospheric air (P<0.001). EEG activity confirmed that loss of posture is a good indicator of the onset of unconsciousness in rabbits exposed to CO 2 , occurring earlier (P<0.05) at 90 and 98% than at 70 and 80%. Rabbits showed signs of aversion for 15 s before the onset of unconsciousness, which occurred around 30 s after the beginning of the exposure to the gas, similar to species such as swine in which high concentrations of CO 2 are also used for stunning. CO 2 at 80 to 98% is suggested as a reasonable concentration range to induce a long state of unconsciousness and death in rabbits, while 70% CO 2 is not recommended because it requires too long duration of exposure (more than 360 s) to ensure effectiveness. Despite the advantages in terms of pre-stun handling and irreversibility, CO 2 is not free of animal welfare concerns. In consequence, a debate is necessary to ascertain if CO 2 can be considered a suitable alternative to stun rabbits, considering the advantages and drawbacks cited, quantified in the present study as 15 s of aversion (nasal discomfort and vocalisations) before losing posture.

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Painful Procedures, Transport, and End-of-Life Management

Miranda-de la Lama

2024

Animal Welfare

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Electrical stunning effectiveness with current levels lower than 1 A in lambs and kid goats

Cited by 31 publications

References 18 publications

Carcase characteristics and meat quality assessments in goats subjected to slaughter without stunning and slaughter following different methods of electrical stunning

Carcase characteristics and meat quality assessments in goats subjected to slaughter without stunning and slaughter following different methods of electrical stunning

Use of high concentrations of carbon dioxide for stunning rabbits reared for meat production

Painful Procedures, Transport, and End-of-Life Management

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