Electrical tuning of metal-insulator-metal metasurface with electro-optic polymer

Zhang, Jiaqi; Kosugi, Yuji; Otomo, Akira; Ho, Ya‐Lun; Delaunay, Jean‐Jacques; Nakano, Yoshiaki; Tanemura, Takuo

doi:10.1063/1.5054964

Cited by 39 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…They are anticipated to deliver high-end SLMs, owing to their terahertz-compatible bandwidth (up to 2.5 THz 38 ), high index of refraction and recently reported long-term thermal and chemical stability 39 . Only little work studies such molecules beyond silicon photonic circuits (where they reach highest electro-optic couplings 4 and integration with complementary metal-oxidesemiconductor (CMOS) electronics 40 ) for large-area electro-optic modulators, even in the single pixel case 41,42 . The only SLMs demonstrated so far to the best of our knowledge employ vertical Fabry-Perot geometries that do not exploit nano-engineering, and force an operation with the much lower r 13 electro-optic coefficient 43 .…”

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confidence: 99%

Electro-optic spatial light modulator from an engineered organic layer

et al. 2021

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Tailored nanostructures provide at-will control over the properties of light, with applications in imaging and spectroscopy. Active photonics can further open new avenues in remote monitoring, virtual or augmented reality and time-resolved sensing. Nanomaterials with χ(2) nonlinearities achieve highest switching speeds. Current demonstrations typically require a trade-off: they either rely on traditional χ(2) materials, which have low non-linearities, or on application-specific quantum well heterostructures that exhibit a high χ(2) in a narrow band. Here, we show that a thin film of organic electro-optic molecules JRD1 in polymethylmethacrylate combines desired merits for active free-space optics: broadband record-high nonlinearity (10-100 times higher than traditional materials at wavelengths 1100-1600 nm), a custom-tailored nonlinear tensor at the nanoscale, and engineered optical and electronic responses. We demonstrate a tuning of optical resonances by Δλ = 11 nm at DC voltages and a modulation of the transmitted intensity up to 40%, at speeds up to 50 MHz. We realize 2 × 2 single- and 1 × 5 multi-color spatial light modulators. We demonstrate their potential for imaging and remote sensing. The compatibility with compact laser diodes, the achieved millimeter size and the low power consumption are further key features for laser ranging or reconfigurable optics.

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confidence: 99%

Electro-optic spatial light modulator from an engineered organic layer

et al. 2021

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“…Pure index-only modulation can be accomplished through electro-refractive mechanisms. This mechanism of metasurface tuning often relies on electro-optic materials exemplified by electro-optic polymers [93,94], liquid crystals [95][96][97][98], and multiquantum wells [99]. In liquid crystals, the birefringent molecules can be reoriented along the electric field direction, thereby creating a large refractive-index change possibly exceeding 0.3 [100].…”

Section: Electro-refractive Switchingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design for quality: reconfigurable flat optics based on active metasurfaces

et al. 2020

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Optical metasurfaces, planar subwavelength nanoantenna arrays with the singular ability to sculpt wavefront in almost arbitrary manners, are poised to become a powerful tool enabling compact and high-performance optics with novel functionalities. A particularly intriguing research direction within this field is active metasurfaces, whose optical response can be dynamically tuned postfabrication, thus allowing a plurality of applications unattainable with traditional bulk optics. Designing reconfigurable optics based on active metasurfaces is, however, presented with a unique challenge, since the optical quality of the devices must be optimized at multiple optical states. In this article, we provide a critical review on the active meta-optics design principles and algorithms that are applied across structural hierarchies ranging from single meta-atoms to full meta-optical devices. The discussed approaches are illustrated by specific examples of reconfigurable metasurfaces based on optical phase-change materials.

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“…As a result, many dynamic tuning techniques have been studied and applied in the past years. Researchers have demonstrated control over spectral properties mechanically [ 3 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 ], thermally [ 1 , 2 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ], electrically [ 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ], optically [ 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ], and magnetically [ 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 ], leading to a multitude of practical devices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Piston-Type Optical Modulator for Dynamic Thermal Radiation Tuning Applications

Caratenuto

Zheng

2021

Materials

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This study introduces a movable piston-like structure that provides a simple and cost-effective avenue for dynamically tuning thermal radiation. This structure leverages two materials with dissimilar optical responses—graphite and aluminum—to modulate from a state of high reflectance to a state of high absorptance. A cavity is created in the graphite to house an aluminum cylinder, which is displaced to actuate the device. In its raised state, the large aluminum surface area promotes a highly reflective response, while in its lowered state, the expanded graphite surface area and blackbody cavity-like interactions significantly enhance absorptance. By optimizing the area ratio, reflectance tunability of over 30% is achieved for nearly the entire ultraviolet, visible, and near-infrared wavelength regions. Furthermore, a theoretical analysis postulates wavelength-dependent effectivenesses as high as 0.70 for this method, indicating that tunabilities approaching 70% can be achieved by exploiting near-ideal absorbers and reflectors. The analog nature of this control method allows for an infinitely variable optical response between the upper and lower bounds of the device. These valuable characteristics would enable this material structure to serve practical applications, such as reducing cost and energy requirements for environmental temperature management operations.

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Electrical tuning of metal-insulator-metal metasurface with electro-optic polymer

Cited by 39 publications

References 34 publications

Electro-optic spatial light modulator from an engineered organic layer

Electro-optic spatial light modulator from an engineered organic layer

Design for quality: reconfigurable flat optics based on active metasurfaces

Piston-Type Optical Modulator for Dynamic Thermal Radiation Tuning Applications

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