Electrical Tuning of Plasmonic Conducting Polymer Nanoantennas

Karki, Akchheta; Cincotti, Giancarlo; Chen, Shangzhi; Stanishev, V.; Darakchieva, Vanya; Wang, Chuanfei; Fahlman, Mats; Jonsson, Magnus P.

doi:10.1002/adma.202209378

Cited by 6 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…[ 60 ] Modulating the carrier concentration via the doping level (or redox state) can significantly alter the electrical and optical properties of conducting polymers, even between metallic and dielectric states. [ 31,32,35,36 ] Here, we adopt a chemical approach to demonstrate theredox state switchability of the conducting polymer aerogels and to investigate their switchable optical behavior in the THz range. Similar chemical approaches have been broadly used for various optically switchable systems, including metasurfaces based on magnesium [ 61 ] and titanium oxides, [ 62 ] and conducting polymer nanoantennas.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This feature has enabled applications such as electrochromic displays [ 31–34 ] and dynamic optical metasurfaces. [ 35–39 ] Due to charge localization effects and molecular vibrations, conducting polymers further do not follow a Drude‐like optical conductivity (even in their most conducting state). Instead, the optical conductivity shows a broad peak centered in the mid infrared (IR).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Switchable Broadband Terahertz Absorbers Based on Conducting Polymer‐Cellulose Aerogels

Kuang,

Chen,

Luo

et al. 2023

Advanced Science

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Terahertz (THz) technologies provide opportunities ranging from calibration targets for satellites and telescopes to communication devices and biomedical imaging systems. A main component will be broadband THz absorbers with switchability. However, optically switchable materials in THz are scarce and their modulation is mostly available at narrow bandwidths. Realizing materials with large and broadband modulation in absorption or transmission forms a critical challenge. This study demonstrates that conducting polymer‐cellulose aerogels can provide modulation of broadband THz light with large modulation range from ≈ 13% to 91% absolute transmission, while maintaining specular reflection loss < −30 dB. The exceptional THz modulation is associated with the anomalous optical conductivity peak of conducting polymers, which enhances the absorption in its oxidized state. The study also demonstrates the possibility to reduce the surface hydrophilicity by simple chemical modifications, and shows that broadband absorption of the aerogels at optical frequencies enables de‐frosting by solar‐induced heating. These low‐cost, aqueous solution‐processable, sustainable, and bio‐friendly aerogels may find use in next‐generation intelligent THz devices.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Switchable Broadband Terahertz Absorbers Based on Conducting Polymer‐Cellulose Aerogels

Kuang,

Chen,

Luo

et al. 2023

Advanced Science

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“…Thus, it may be suitable for rapidly switched, distinctly tunable applications with optical resonator enhancement such as dual‐band smart windows, nanoantennas, optical waveguides, and highly sensitive sensors. [ 73,252–256 ] Metal oxide nanocrystals (NCs) possess a metal‐nanoparticle‐like LSPR effect, resulting in strong absorption in the NIR band, which can be tuned by atomic doping or electrochemical doping at sufficient potentials. [ 257–259 ] For example, Lee and co‐workers presented a dual‐band (VIS and NIR) electrochromic window based on Ta‐doped TiO 2 NCs, where the Ta‐doped TiO 2 NCs have strong LSPR absorption that can be used to modulate the NIR transmittance.…”

Section: Advanced and Emerging Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to metal oxide NCs, metallic polymers also exhibit a strong LSPR effect. [ 253,254 ] For example, Giessen and co‐workers proposed and demonstrated a plasmonic‐resonator‐enhanced switchable nanoantenna based on the electrochromic material PEDOT:PSS in the NIR spectral range. [ 254 ] When a bias of +1 V was applied, the PEDOT:PSS had high carrier density and metallic optical properties, because the real part of its dielectric function is less than 0 in the NIR spectral range.…”

Section: Advanced and Emerging Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The plasmonic resonance position of the nanoantenna can be conveniently tuned for use in different application scenarios by controlling the shape and size of the electrochromic nanostructure. [ 253,260,261 ] Similarly, WO 3 was used to develop an all‐solid‐state plasmonic‐resonator‐enhanced electrochromic waveguide for light modulation in the NIR range. [ 255 ] As shown in Figure 13b, the electrochromic waveguide was composed of a 50 nm thick WO 3 layer and a 250 nm thick LiNbO 3 layer sandwiched between two plasmonic Au electrodes.…”

Section: Advanced and Emerging Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Resonant‐Cavity‐Enhanced Electrochromic Materials and Devices

2023

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With rapid advances in optoelectronics, electrochromic materials and devices have received tremendous attentions from both industry and academia for their strong potentials in wearable and portable electronics, displays/billboards, adaptive camouflage, tunable optics, and intelligent devices, etc. However, conventional electrochromic materials and devices typically present some serious limitations such as undesirable dull colors, and long switching time, hindering their deeper development. Optical resonators have been proven to be the most powerful platform for providing strong optical confinement and controllable light–matter interactions. They generate locally enhanced electromagnetic near‐fields that can convert small refractive index changes in electrochromic materials into high‐contrast color variations, enabling multicolor or even panchromatic tuning of electrochromic materials. Here, resonant‐cavity‐enhanced electrochromic materials and devices, an advanced and emerging trend in electrochromics, are reviewed. In this review, we will focus on the progress in multicolor electrochromic materials and devices based on different types of optical resonators and their advanced and emerging applications, including multichromatic displays, adaptive visible camouflage, visualized energy storage, and applications of multispectral tunability. Among these topics, principles of optical resonators, related materials/devices and multicolor electrochromic properties are comprehensively discussed and summarized. Finally, the challenges and prospects for resonant‐cavity‐enhanced electrochromic materials and devices are presented. We believe this review will definitely promote the communications among optical physics, electrochemistry, and material science.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

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Organic Anisotropic Excitonic Optical Nanoantennas

Kang

Jeon

et al. 2022

Advanced Science

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Optical nanoantennas provide control of light at the nanoscale, which makes them important for diverse areas ranging from photocatalysis and flat metaoptics to sensors and biomolecular tweezing. They have traditionally been limited to metallic and dielectric nanostructures that sustain plasmonic and Mie resonances, respectively. More recently, nanostructures of organic J‐aggregate excitonic materials have been proposed capable of also supporting nanooptical resonances, although their advance has been hampered from difficulty in nanostructuring. Here, the authors present the realization of organic J‐aggregate excitonic nanostructures, using nanocylinder arrays as model system. Extinction spectra show that they can sustain both plasmon‐like resonances and dielectric resonances, owing to the material providing negative and large positive permittivity regions at the different sides of its exciton resonance. Furthermore, it is found that the material is highly anisotropic, leading to hyperbolic and elliptic permittivity regions. Nearfield analysis using optical simulation reveals that the nanostructures therefore support hyperbolic localized surface exciton resonances and elliptic Mie resonances, neither of which has been previously demonstrated for this type of material. The anisotropic nanostructures form a new type of optical nanoantennas, which combined with the presented fabrication process opens up for applications such as fully organic excitonic metasurfaces.

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Electrical Tuning of Plasmonic Conducting Polymer Nanoantennas

Cited by 6 publications

References 46 publications

Switchable Broadband Terahertz Absorbers Based on Conducting Polymer‐Cellulose Aerogels

Switchable Broadband Terahertz Absorbers Based on Conducting Polymer‐Cellulose Aerogels

Resonant‐Cavity‐Enhanced Electrochromic Materials and Devices

Organic Anisotropic Excitonic Optical Nanoantennas

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