Electrically Conducting Polymer-Based Nanofibrous Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering Applications

Lee, Jae Young

doi:10.1080/15583724.2013.806544

Cited by 32 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…The human body is a complex electrical system that can be most noticeably observed in the action potentials that are integral to the regulatory mechanisms in muscles and nerves. Furthermore, these biological electrical fields-apart from being crucial in the function of tissues such as the heart, muscles, and nerves-have a significant role in cellular behaviour including proliferation, morphology, signalling, migration, orientation, and regenerative processes [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. Subsequently, electrical stimulation techniques and electroactive materials have been developed within tissue engineering in order to modulate cellular responses and enhance tissue regeneration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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3D Printing of Polycaprolactone–Polyaniline Electroactive Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering

et al. 2020

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Electrostimulation and electroactive scaffolds can positively influence and guide cellular behaviour and thus has been garnering interest as a key tissue engineering strategy. The development of conducting polymers such as polyaniline enables the fabrication of conductive polymeric composite scaffolds. In this study, we report on the initial development of a polycaprolactone scaffold incorporating different weight loadings of a polyaniline microparticle filler. The scaffolds are fabricated using screw-assisted extrusion-based 3D printing and are characterised for their morphological, mechanical, conductivity, and preliminary biological properties. The conductivity of the polycaprolactone scaffolds increases with the inclusion of polyaniline. The in vitro cytocompatibility of the scaffolds was assessed using human adipose-derived stem cells to determine cell viability and proliferation up to 21 days. A cytotoxicity threshold was reached at 1% wt. polyaniline loading. Scaffolds with 0.1% wt. polyaniline showed suitable compressive strength (6.45 ± 0.16 MPa) and conductivity (2.46 ± 0.65 × 10−4 S/cm) for bone tissue engineering applications and demonstrated the highest cell viability at day 1 (88%) with cytocompatibility for up to 21 days in cell culture.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Electroactive scaffolds can be fabricated from conductive materials or prepared by the addition of conductive fillers to create a composite. These conductive materials can be classified as: carbon-based [5,12,14,15], conductive polymers [1][2][3]6], and metallic-based [16][17][18][19][20][21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D Printing of Polycaprolactone–Polyaniline Electroactive Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering

et al. 2020

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“…[8][9][10][11][12] Amongst the many classes of CPs, polypyrrole has been widely utilized in various bioelectronics applications for its high electrical conductivity, biocompatibility, and stability under atmospheric conditions and elevated temperatures. [13,14] Despite the many advantages of using polypyrrole for bioelectronics and bioengineering applications, [15][16][17] their insolubility limits their processability for large-area fabrication of organic and bioelectronic devices. [18] Their poor solubility can be attributed to the strong inter-and intra-molecular interactions between the polypyrrole chains and the tendency to crosslink during polymerization.…”

Section: Doi: 101002/marc201800749mentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular “Building Block” and “Side Chain Engineering”: Approach to Synthesis of Multifunctional and Soluble Poly(pyrrole phenylene)s

Chan

Baek

Tan

et al. 2018

Macromol. Rapid Commun.

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Here, the synthesis of a novel poly(pyrrole phenylene) (PpyP) that is both modular in ways of functionalization and soluble in organic solvents is reported, and therefore solution processable. This is achieved through the functionalization of the side‐chain substituents in pyrrole phenylene (PyP) repeating units. t Butyl acrylate brushes are first grafted through atom transfer radical polymerization from one type of PyP, followed by oxidative chemical co‐polymerization of the grafted PyP with a PyP bearing different side chains—either an azide or a methoxy moiety, resulting in a soluble PpyP where solubility is not dopant‐dependent. Successful post‐polymerization modification through “click” chemistry and post‐polymerization processing via electrospinning are also demonstrated. Additionally, performed computational calculations indicate planarity of the novel polyrrole phenylene monomers and ionisation potentials that favor α–α bond formation during their polymerization.

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“…[41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49] Schmidt and Langer showed that ES of PC12 cells on polypyrrole increased the number and length of neurite outgrowths from the cells. [50] Various groups have shown that Schwann cells adhere to polypyrrole-based materials, [51][52][53][54][55] and that DRG adhere to polypyrrole-based [51,56,57] or poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-based materials. [56] Flexible tube-like peripheral nerve conduits composed of polypyrrole and silicone were shown to be nontoxic and non-immunogenic in vivo in rats, [51] and axons can grow into tube-like peripheral nerve conduits composed of poly(D,L-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Into the groove: instructive silk-polypyrrole films with topographical guidance cues direct DRG neurite outgrowth

Hardy

Khaing

Xin

et al. 2015

Journal of Biomaterials Science, Polymer Edition

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Instructive biomaterials capable of controlling the behaviour of the cells are particularly interesting scaffolds for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Novel biomaterials are particularly important in societies with rapidly aging populations, where demand for organ/tissue donations is greater than their supply. Herein we describe the preparation of electrically conductive silk film-based nerve tissue scaffolds that are manufactured using all aqueous processing. Aqueous solutions of Bombyx mori silk were cast on flexible polydimethylsiloxane substrates with micrometer-scale grooves on their surfaces, allowed to dry, and annealed to impart β-sheets to the silk which assures that the materials are stable for further processing in water. The silk films were rendered conductive by generating an interpenetrating network of polypyrrole and polystyrenesulfonate in the silk matrix. Films were incubated in an aqueous solution of pyrrole (monomer), polystyrenesulfonate (dopant) and iron chloride (initiator), after which they were thoroughly washed to remove low molecular weight components (monomers, initiators, and oligomers) and dried, yielding conductive films with sheet resistances of 124 ± 23 kΩ square(-1). The micrometer-scale grooves that are present on the surface of the films are analogous to the natural topography in the extracellular matrix of various tissues (bone, muscle, nerve, skin) to which cells respond. Dorsal root ganglions (DRG) adhere to the films and the grooves in the surface of the films instruct the aligned growth of processes extending from the DRG. Such materials potentially enable the electrical stimulation (ES) of cells cultured on them, and future in vitro studies will focus on understanding the interplay between electrical and topographical cues on the behaviour of cells cultured on them.

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Electrically Conducting Polymer-Based Nanofibrous Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering Applications

Cited by 32 publications

References 80 publications

3D Printing of Polycaprolactone–Polyaniline Electroactive Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering

3D Printing of Polycaprolactone–Polyaniline Electroactive Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering

Molecular “Building Block” and “Side Chain Engineering”: Approach to Synthesis of Multifunctional and Soluble Poly(pyrrole phenylene)s

Into the groove: instructive silk-polypyrrole films with topographical guidance cues direct DRG neurite outgrowth

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