Electrically conducting polypyrrole–fuller's earth nanocomposites: Their preparation and characterisation

Rajapakse, R.M.G.; Rajapakse, R. G. A. S.; Bandara, H.M.N.; Karunarathne, B. S. B.

doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2007.11.005

Cited by 18 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Recently, studies on intercalation of electrically conducting polymers (CPs) into the interlayer spaces of layered clay materials have been an area of great interest 1–3. Montmorillonite, in its pure state, is an inert and electrically insulating material, which shows unique features of marked cation exchange properties, expandability, taking up of water or organic molecules between their interlayer spaces, thus increasing the d ‐spacing of the material 4.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Montmorillonite, in its pure state, is an inert and electrically insulating material, which shows unique features of marked cation exchange properties, expandability, taking up of water or organic molecules between their interlayer spaces, thus increasing the d ‐spacing of the material 4. However, by incorporating electrically CPs into the interlayer galleries, the insulating montmorillonite clay may be converted to an electrically conducting nanocomposite materials 1–4. Today, efforts are being conducted globally, using almost all types of polymer matrices to produce MMT‐based nanocomposites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In situ intercalative polymerization of conducting polypyrrole/montmorillonite nanocomposites

Karim

Yeum

2008

J Polym Sci B Polym Phys

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Conducting polypyrrole (PPy)-montmorillonite (MMT) clay nanocomposites have been synthesized by the in situ intercalative polymerization method. The PPy-MMT nanocomposites are characterized by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. XRD patterns show that after polymerization by the in situ intercalative method with ammonium persulfate and 1 M HCl, an increase in the basal spacing from 1.2 to 1.9 nm was observed, signifying that PPy is synthesized between the interlayer spaces of MMT. TEM and SEM micrographs suggest that the coexistence of intercalated MMT layers with the PPy macromolecules. FTIR reveals that there might be possible interfacial interactions present between the MMT clay and PPy matrix. The study also shows that the introduction of MMT clay results in thermal stability improvement of the PPy.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In situ intercalative polymerization of conducting polypyrrole/montmorillonite nanocomposites

Karim

Yeum

2008

J Polym Sci B Polym Phys

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“…Although there were small differences in wavenumber between the IR−RAS peaks described in this report and the ordinary absorption peaks reported with a transmission absorption technique, the absorption peaks at 1525, 1439, 1288, and 1162 cm −1 could be, respectively, assigned to C=C backbone stretching, C-C ring stretching, C-N ring stretching, and C-C stretching [37−40]. In the small wavenumber region, the absorption at 1031 cm −1 may correspond to N-H in-plane deformation, and the absorption at 953 cm −1 may correspond to C-H out-of-plane vibration [37][38][39][40]. The Raman bands were also related to those of PPy as follows: C=C backbone stretching at 1587 cm −1 , N-C ring stretching and C-C ring stretching at 1425 cm −1 , C-C stretching at 1324 cm −1 , C-H in-plane bending at 1042 cm −1 , and ring deformation at 985 cm −1 [41−45].…”

Section: Optical Characterisation Of Ppy Layermentioning

confidence: 99%

Polypyrrole film on 55% Al–Zn-coated steel for corrosion prevention

et al. 2012

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For corrosion protection of 55% Al−Zn-coated steel, a dense polypyrrole (PPy) film is electrochemically formed on 55% Al−Zn-coated steel in an acidic tartrate solution under constant current control. The film potentially consists of an inner layer of aluminium and/ or zinc oxide and an outer PPy layer doped with tartrate anions. The PPy layer can maintain passivation of 55% Al−Zn-coated steel in a 3.5 wt% NaCl aqueous solution and protected the steel for several hours. The doping of molybdate anions into the PPy-tartrate film greatly improved the film's protective properties.

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“…Fuller's Earth (Ca x (Al 2− x Mg x )(OH) 2 Si 4 O 10 ), commercial name of a clay substance, having nanofiber shape, is an inorganic material that has not been used as filler to produce dental composite 15. The hypothesis was that intercalation of nanofibers as second filler with microsized fillers may bring better mechanical properties to composite.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancement of mechanical properties of experimental composite by Fuller's earth nanofibers for cervical restoration

et al. 2013

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In this research, we studied improvement of mechanical properties of dimethacrylate-silica based dental composites by addition of Fuller's Earth (FE) clay. Three composites were made as base compounds consisting of 68, 58, and 48 wt % resin and 31, 41, and 51 wt % silica, respectively. Afterward, the composites were modified by adding FE. Mechanical properties including flexural strength, flexural modulus, work-of-fracture, fracture toughness, and microhardness were measured. Clay particles and fracture surface of composites consisting of 51 wt % silica (with and without FE) were examined by SEM. Measured results showed that flexural strength, work-of-fracture, flexural modulus, and microhardness of all composites increased by including FE nanofibers. Fracture toughness except for composite including 51 wt % silica had similar variations. It seems that locating FE nanofibers in weak resin region among silica particles leads to strengthening mechanisms, such as bridging and crack deflection, which cause improvement in mechanical properties.

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Electrically conducting polypyrrole–fuller's earth nanocomposites: Their preparation and characterisation

Cited by 18 publications

References 23 publications

In situ intercalative polymerization of conducting polypyrrole/montmorillonite nanocomposites

In situ intercalative polymerization of conducting polypyrrole/montmorillonite nanocomposites

Polypyrrole film on 55% Al–Zn-coated steel for corrosion prevention

Enhancement of mechanical properties of experimental composite by Fuller's earth nanofibers for cervical restoration

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