Electrically conductive polyethylene terephthalate/graphene nanocomposites prepared by melt compounding

Zhang, Haobin; Zheng, Wenge; Yan, Qing; Yang, Yong; Wang, Jiwen; Zhang, Lu; Ji, Guoying; Yu, Zhong‐Zhen

doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2010.01.027

Cited by 743 publications

(389 citation statements)

References 48 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

360

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…32 If we substitute typical values for single-layer graphene, i.e., L ≈ 0.3 nm and λ ≈ 1 nm, 12 we find φ p ≈ 0.03. This is (considerably) larger than experimental values of 10 −4 − 10 −2 found in the literature, 3,57,58 but the discrepancy may partly be explained by polydispersity effects and/or the influence of attractive interactions between them. 12 In spite of the PT being independent of the diameter in the monodisperse limit, the effect of diameter polydispersity is actually very strong, as is shown in Fig.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 64%

Connectivity percolation of polydisperse anisotropic nanofillers

Otten¹,

Schoot²

2011

The Journal of Chemical Physics

127

168

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We present a generalized connectedness percolation theory reduced to a compact form for a large class of anisotropic particle mixtures with variable degrees of connectivity. Even though allowing for an infinite number of components, we derive a compact yet exact expression for the mean cluster size of connected particles. We apply our theory to rodlike particles taken as a model for carbon nanotubes and find that the percolation threshold is sensitive to polydispersity in length, diameter, and the level of connectivity, which may explain large variations in the experimental values for the electrical percolation threshold in carbon-nanotube composites. The calculated connectedness percolation threshold depends only on a few moments of the full distribution function. If the distribution function factorizes, then the percolation threshold is raised by the presence of thicker rods, whereas it is lowered by any length polydispersity relative to the one with the same average length and diameter. We show that for a given average length, a length distribution that is strongly skewed to shorter lengths produces the lowest threshold relative to the equivalent monodisperse one. However, if the lengths and diameters of the particles are linearly correlated, polydispersity raises the percolation threshold and more so for a more skewed distribution toward smaller lengths. The effect of connectivity polydispersity is studied by considering nonadditive mixtures of conductive and insulating particles, and we present tentative predictions for the percolation threshold of graphene sheets modeled as perfectly rigid, disklike particles.

show abstract

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 64%

Connectivity percolation of polydisperse anisotropic nanofillers

Otten¹,

Schoot²

2011

The Journal of Chemical Physics

127

168

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The presence of numerous CNT agglomerates can result in rather poor mechanical and electrical properties, thus uniform dispersion of CNTs is a significant pre-requisite for success in fabricating polymer/CNT nanocomposites with desirable properties [8]. In general, there are three main approaches to preparing polymer/CNT nanocomposites: in situ polymerization [9], solution mixing [10] and melt mixing [11], in which melt mixing is a simpler and more effective method, particularly from an industrial perspective [12]. In recent years, many studies on the melt mixing of CNTs into polymers have been carried out which indicate that the mixing effectiveness and the dispersion of CNTs depend on many factors including the affinity between CNTs and polymer [13], polymer viscosity [14], CNTs concentration [15], residence time [15], screw speed [15] [16] and screw configuration [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of processing conditions on the structure, electrical and mechanical properties of melt mixed high density polyethylene/multi-walled CNT composites in compression molding

Xiang¹,

Guo²,

Kumar

et al. 2017

Materials Testing

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

(2017). Effect of processing conditions on the structure, electrical and mechanical properties of melt mixed high density polyethylene/multi-walled CNT composites in compression molding. Materials Testing, 59 (2) Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK Abstract: Melt mixed high density polyethylene (HDPE)/multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) nanocomposites were prepared via twin-screw extrusion and then compression moulded into sheets. The effect of heating temperature, pressing time and cooling rate on the structure, electrical and mechanical properties of the compression moulded nanocomposites was systematically investigated. Volume resistivity tests indicate that the nanocomposite with 2 wt% MWCNTs, which is in the region of the electrical percolation threshold, is very sensitive to the compression moulding parameters such that heating temperature > pressing time > cooling rate. Generally, the resistivity of nanocomposites decreases with increasing heating temperature and pressing time. Interestingly, the electrical resistivity of the rapidly cooled nanocomposite with 2 wt% MWCNTs is 1~2 orders lower than that of the slowly cooled nanocomposite with the same MWCNT loading. This can be attributed to the lower crystallinity and smaller crystallites facilitating the formation of conductive pathways. The tensile properties of the nanocomposite with 2 wt% MWCNTs are also influenced by the compression moulding parameters to some extent, while those of the nanocomposites with higher MWCNT loading are insensitive to the changes in processing conditions. The predicted moduli from Halpin-Tsai and Mori-Tanaka theoretical models show good agreement with the experimental results. This work has important implications for both process control and the tailoring of electrical and mechanical properties in the commercial manufacture of conductive HDPE/MWCNT nanocomposites.

show abstract

“…No solvent is required in this method. Melt compounding is a common method for preparing thermoplastic nanocomposites such as polycarbonate, 23 nylon, 47 poly(ethylene terephthalate) 80 and polypropylene. 81 In situ polymerization is another efficient way to synthesize graphene/polymer nanocomposites, especially for thermoset matrix.…”

Section: Preparation Of Graphene/ Polymer Nanocompositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toughening of polymers by graphene

Wang

Song

2013

Nanomaterials and Energy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

IntroductionDue to the rapid development of nanoscience and nanotechnology in the past 20 years, improvement of polymer properties by nanofillers has become a vital topic in the field of material science. [1][2][3] The polymer nanocomposites show enhanced properties by the incorporation of low amount of nanofillers such as carbon black (CB), carbon nanotubes (CNTs), graphene and nanoclay. [4][5][6][7] Due to the high surface to volume ratio and/or high aspect ratio, the nanofillers are more efficient than the traditional fillers in reinforcing polymers. 8,9 Among the nanofillers, graphene is an atomically thick, 2D nanomaterial that is the strongest materials measured so far. it has intensively attracted a great deal of interest in extensively exploring its applications. The superior properties of graphene also reflected in the graphene/polymer nanocomposites. It has been widely reported that the mechanical, thermal, electrical, gas-barrier and flame-retardant properties of polymer can be significantly improved by the addition of graphene. 3,6,[18][19][20][21][22][23][24] Its advantages over other nanofillers have been discussed. 3,19,[25][26][27][28] However, the reinforcing efficiency of graphene highly depends on the dispersion and distribution of graphene sheets in the polymer matrix. 29 An optimized graphene-polymer interface is critical in the property transfer. [30][31][32] Pristine graphene sheets are not compatible with organic polymers and have a great tendency to agglomerate in the matrix. 3,33,34 To resolve this problem, functionalization of graphene is an essential step to achieve a molecular level dispersion.3,35 The functionalized graphene (FG) sheets could form strong interfacial bonding with polymer chains, which is favorable for load transfer, but it also confines the motion of interfacial polymer segments. [36][37][38] Thus, the enhancements in stiffness, tensile strength and hardness of polymer are frequently reported, while the elongation at break and ductility is always decreased. 3,6,39 Toughness of polymer is extremely important in the critical structural applications and highperformance areas such as automotive, aerospace and defence. 9,40 Enhancing the toughness of polymer has been a challenging issue, especially for thermosets that have highly cross-linked structure. 9Traditional fillers, such as rubber particles, can improve the toughness, but they show negative impact on mechanical properties and manufacturability. 38,41 In the past few years, toughening of polymers by graphene has been explored and reported in a few publications. 25,[29][30][31][32]38,[42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55] According to the results, it is believed that the incorporation of FG can toughen polymers including both thermoplastics and thermosets, although the understanding of the mechanism is still insufficient. In this review, the authors try to focus on the recent development on the Toughening of polymers by graphene Wang and Song ICE Publishing: All rights reserved

show abstract

Electrically conductive polyethylene terephthalate/graphene nanocomposites prepared by melt compounding

Cited by 743 publications

References 48 publications

Connectivity percolation of polydisperse anisotropic nanofillers

Connectivity percolation of polydisperse anisotropic nanofillers

Effect of processing conditions on the structure, electrical and mechanical properties of melt mixed high density polyethylene/multi-walled CNT composites in compression molding

Toughening of polymers by graphene

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About