Electricity Consumption of Singaporean Households Reveals Proactive Citizen Response to COVID-19 Progression

Raman, G. Venkat; Peng, Jimmy Chih-Hsien

doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-130437/v1

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Similar situation is observed in China, where baseload end uses such as cooking and lighting demand increased over the lockdown period [24]. In Raman and Peng [25] daily new cases of COVID are found to be a dominant driver for Singaporean households energy demand.…”

Section: How Long Is Your Vacation Per Trip?mentioning

confidence: 53%

Adjusted Energy Benchmarking System Under Covid Conditions: Dubai as Case Study

Barbosa

Lin

Rodríguez-Ubiñas

2021

WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment

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Since COVID-19 emerged in late 2019, governments and local authorities have drawn up policies to mitigate the impact of the virus and protect their population. They implement preventive measures that include sanitary guidelines and rules related to people's mobility and social interactions. Such efforts have disrupted business, educational, and social activities, requiring the adaptation of the people to a new reality that, consequently, has shifted their energy demand patterns. These changes in the energy demand bring challenges to the energy benchmarking efforts, which has been an effective steppingstone for improving the energy performance, allowing users to compare their consumption relative to others and detect the opportunities for improvement from the current state. Also, the changes in the consumption patterns also make it challenging to identify and target underperforming users. Consequently, in this study, we propose an adjusted benchmarking system that accounts for the impact of COVID-19 on the energy consumption patterns of Dubai using available public data. We utilized monthly electrical consumption and dwelling profile data from 1,841 residential buildings between January 2020 and June 2021. We built two different statistical models, a pre-covid and post-covid model, according to different characteristics of the dwellings such as gross floor area, number of users, a cooling source, and time-dependent weather variables such as outdoor temperature. Finally, we compare both models to underline the significance of COVID-19 in the adjusted energy benchmarks. The resulting adjusted model serves to estimate the average consumption of residents in Dubai throughout the year. Furthermore, both models' difference helps define the adjusted range of the users over/underperforming. The findings and conclusions of this study demonstrate the need for built adjusted benchmarking systems to continue effectively categorizing users' energy consumption under unusual conditions such as COVID-19.

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Section: How Long Is Your Vacation Per Trip?mentioning

confidence: 53%

Adjusted Energy Benchmarking System Under Covid Conditions: Dubai as Case Study

Barbosa

Lin

Rodríguez-Ubiñas

2021

WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment

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“…Code has been deposited in the Power Engineering Lab site ( https://www.penglaboratory.com/code-singaporean-covid19-response ; ref. 45 ).…”

Section: Data Availabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Electricity consumption of Singaporean households reveals proactive community response to COVID-19 progression

Raman

Peng

2021

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Understanding how populations’ daily behaviors change during the COVID-19 pandemic is critical to evaluating and adapting public health interventions. Here, we use residential electricity-consumption data to unravel behavioral changes within peoples’ homes in this period. Based on smart energy-meter data from 10,246 households in Singapore, we find strong positive correlations between the progression of the pandemic in the city-state and the residential electricity consumption. In particular, we find that the daily new COVID-19 cases constitute the most dominant influencing factor on the electricity demand in the early stages of the pandemic, before a lockdown. However, this influence wanes once the lockdown is implemented, signifying that residents have settled into their new lifestyles under lockdown. These observations point to a proactive response from Singaporean residents—who increasingly stayed in or performed more activities at home during the evenings, despite there being no government mandates—a finding that surprisingly extends across all demographics. Overall, our study enables policymakers to close the loop by utilizing residential electricity usage as a measure of community response during unprecedented and disruptive events, such as a pandemic.

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