Electricity Scenarios for the Baltic States and Marginal Energy Technology in Life Cycle Assessments - A Case Study of Energy Production From Municipal Waste Incineration

Moora, Harri; Lahtvee, Valdur

doi:10.3176/oil.2009.3s.14

Cited by 16 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The marginal energy supply (in particular electricity supply), is reported to strongly affect the results of LCA analysis (Kløverpris et al, 2008;Moora and Lahtvee, 2009) and hence, a study of the environmental burden of the scenarios analysed have been performed according to different energy technologies for indirect and avoided activities.…”

Section: Uk Future Energy Scenarios Of Electricity and Natural Gas MIXmentioning

confidence: 99%

Life cycle assessment of conventional and advanced two-stage energy-from-waste technologies for methane production

Tagliaferri

Evangelisti

Clift

et al. 2016

Journal of Cleaner Production

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This study integrates the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of thermal and biological technologies for municipal solid waste management within the context of renewable resource use for methane production. Five different scenarios are analysed for the UK, the main focus being on advanced gasification-plasma technology for Bio-Substitute natural gas (Bio-SNG) production, anaerobic digestion and incineration. Firstly, a waste management perspective has been taken and a functional unit of 1 kg of waste to be disposed was used; secondly, according to an energy production perspective a functional unit of 1 MJ of renewable methane produced was considered. The first perspective demonstrates that when the current energy mix is used in the analysis (i.e. strongly based on fossil resources), processes with higher electric efficiency determine lower global warming potential (GWP). However, as the electricity mix in the UK becomes less carbon intensive and the natural gas mix increases the carbon intensity, processes with higher Bio-SNG yield are shown to achieve a lower global warming impact within the next 20 years. When the perspective of energy production is taken, more efficient technologies for renewable methane production give a lower GWP for both current and future energy mix. All other LCA indicators are also analysed and the hot spot of the anaerobic digestion process is performed.

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Section: Uk Future Energy Scenarios Of Electricity and Natural Gas MIXmentioning

confidence: 99%

Life cycle assessment of conventional and advanced two-stage energy-from-waste technologies for methane production

Tagliaferri

Evangelisti

Clift

et al. 2016

Journal of Cleaner Production

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“…Therefore, it would be good to study the possible change in the composition of waste and its possible impact on the results. Also the future energy source in Estonia is assumed to change including more renewable and nuclear energy while the share of oil shale is assumed to decline [23]. Thus, it would be interesting to analyse how a possible change of the marginal energy source would affect the net GHG emissions, especially the relative effects of waste incineration.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Climate Change Impact of Possible Municipal Solic Waste Management Scenarios in Estonia

2017

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Waste management has an influence on the greenhouse gas (GHG) formation. The emissions of greenhouse gases vary between the EU countries depending on waste treatment practices and other regional factors such us composition of waste. The aim of this paper was to examine, from a life-cycle perspective, Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) management in the context of greenhouse gas formation and to evaluate the possible reduction of climate change potential of alternative waste management options in Estonia. The paper summarises the results of a case study in Estonia, assessing the climate change impact by 2020 in terms of net greenhouse gas emissions from two possible management scenarios. As a result it can be concluded that better management of municipal waste and diversion of municipal waste away from landfills could significantly reduce the emissions of GHG and, if high rates of recycling and incineration with energy recovery are attained, the net greenhouse gas emissions may even become negative. It means that these waste management options can partly offset the emissions that occurred when the products were manufactured from virgin materials and energy was produced from fossil fuels. This is especially important concerning the climate change impact.

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“…All of the reviewed case studies expanded the product system boundary by either increasing unit processes or including relevant products and co-products. Some studies made it very clear on the inclusion of extended unit processes [22][23][24][25][26], while others did not clearly identify the unit processes of a product system's life cycle [27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34]. In terms of products and co-products, the system boundary was extended to at least two products in all reviewed studies.…”

Section: System Boundarymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Examples of the mutatis mutandis assumption can be found in several studies [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][40][41][42][43][44][45] (Refer to Table 2). In these studies, the marginal products or technologies were identified, with determined affected scales.…”

Section: System Boundarymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Consequential Life Cycle Assessment in the Power Sector

Luu¹,

Cellura²,

Longo³

et al. 2020

IJSDP

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The existing policy for greenhouse gas (GHG) abatement aims at decarbonisation of the power sector. The interrelations between the power sector and other economic sectors raise a question of whether the GHG emission reduction policy in the power sector is as effective as it is claimed. Consequential life cycle assessment (CLCA) has been developed to assess the environmental impacts of any industrial/productive sector in relation with changes in the policy and its indirect impacts on other economic sectors. This review is conducted on CLCA studies in the power sector in terms of system boundaries expansion and socio-economic interactions and the ability to quantify indirect environmental impacts. It is indicated that CLCA expanded the system boundaries by applying mutatis mutandis assumption to include several affected products with various scales of change. Economic modelling tools are frequently applied to make assumptions on the extent of change. The applications of these tools also help to identify the environmental profile of product systems and the socio-economic changes such as economic growth and consumer behaviours. Thanks for the expansion of system boundaries and inclusion of socio-economic interactions, the total environmental impacts of power sector are comprehensively quantified. The variations of the total environmental impacts, with different magnitude of change, were observed in several reviewed case studies. In term of GHG emissions, some products become cleaner, for example battery; however, in most of the cases, the power system in general becomes more polluted when indirect impacts on other economic sectors are included.

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Electricity Scenarios for the Baltic States and Marginal Energy Technology in Life Cycle Assessments - A Case Study of Energy Production From Municipal Waste Incineration

Cited by 16 publications

References 14 publications

Life cycle assessment of conventional and advanced two-stage energy-from-waste technologies for methane production

Life cycle assessment of conventional and advanced two-stage energy-from-waste technologies for methane production

The Climate Change Impact of Possible Municipal Solic Waste Management Scenarios in Estonia

A Review on Consequential Life Cycle Assessment in the Power Sector

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