Electricity used by office equipment and network equipment in the U.S.: Detailed report and appendices

Kawamoto, Koji; Koomey, Jonathan; Nordman, Bruce; Brown, Richard E.; Piette, Mary Ann; Ting, Michael M.; Meier, Alan

doi:10.2172/780583

Cited by 91 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Norford et al (1989) estimated 1988 office equipment energy consumption (including personal computers (PCs 1 ), monitors, and input/output (I/O) devices 2 ) at 25 TWh. Office equipment energy consumption has since grown to 74 TWh 3 (Kawamoto et al, 2000). This growth has drawn attention to the office equipment end use.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Field surveys of office equipment operating patterns

Webber¹,

Roberson²,

Brown³

et al. 2001

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This paper presents the results of 11 after-hours walk-throughs of offices in the San Francisco CA and Washington D.C. areas. The primary purpose of these walk-throughs was to collect data on turn-off rates for various types of office equipment (computers, monitors, printers, fax machines, copiers, and multifunction products). Each piece of equipment observed was recorded and its power status noted (e.g. on, off, low power). Whenever possible, we also recorded whether power management was enabled on the equipment. The floor area audited was recorded as well, which allowed us to calculate equipment densities.We found that only 44 percent of computers, 32 percent of monitors, and 25 percent of printers were turned off at night. Based on our observations we estimate success rates of 56 percent for monitor power management and 96 percent for enabling of power management on printers.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure 1 shows estimates for aggregate office equipment energy use for different degrees of power management saturation and rates of equipment turn-off (based on data from Kawamoto et al, 2000). The current case shown in the figure is based on assumptions about current power management use and turn-off rates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Field surveys of office equipment operating patterns

Webber¹,

Roberson²,

Brown³

et al. 2001

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Aspects of measurement are not only energy used by the equipment itself, but also are by the central data center equipment, including chillers and fans. Several research on estimate of power used by servers and data centers have been reported in the literature, see for instance [6], [12], [13], [15]. In [15], they are studying an estimate of the power by data storage systems and network equipment and aggregating data from IDC by server class and measured power data on a representative server for each class.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Investigation of the Energy Consumption by Information Technology Equipments

Makki

2013

IJCSIT

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“…However, the sales of co mputers and other ICT devices have increased tremendously during this period and Windows Operating Systems still occupies largest (90%) market share [7], but there is no change in ACPI interface, or in Windows power schemes. In most cases difficult ies in properly configuring the power scheme is found and only 25% of the co mputer systems achieve the energy savings [8]. Therefore, there is a significant need of energy sustainable computing for the operating systems, which change the design of power schemes of operating systems to make it more interactive and environment-friendly.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy-Sustainable Framework and Performance Analysis of Power Scheme for Operating Systems: A Tool

Gupta

Singh²

2012

IJISA

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Abstract-Recently, an Information and Co mmunicat ions Technology (ICT) devices has become more user-friendly, wh ich raised the problem o f power dissipation across the globe and computer systems are one among them. This emerg ing issue of power dissipation has imposed a very significant issue on the system and software design. The concept of ‗green computing' gaining popularity and is being considered as one of the most promising technology by the designers of Information Technology (IT) industry, which demonstrate the environmentally responsible way to reduce the power consumption and maximize the energy efficiency. In this paper, we have proposed an energy sustainable framework of the power schemes for operating systems to reduce the power consumption by computer systems and presented a Green Power tool (GP tool). Th is tool is designed using JAVA technology, which requires least configuration to make a decision for reducing the power consumption and proposed Swift mode algorith m, allows users to input the working time of their choice then after the end of time algorithm starts detection of human activity on the computer system. We also co mpared the Swift mode algorithm with existing power scheme in the operating system that provides up to 66% of the power saving. Finally, we have profiled the proposed framework to analyze the memo ry and Central Processing Unit (CPU) performance, which demonstrated that there is no memo ry leakage or CPU degradation problem and framework's behavior remain constant under various overhead scenarios of the memory as well as CPU. The proposed framework requires 3-7 MB memory space during its execution.

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Electricity used by office equipment and network equipment in the U.S.: Detailed report and appendices

Cited by 91 publications

References 5 publications

Field surveys of office equipment operating patterns

Field surveys of office equipment operating patterns

An Investigation of the Energy Consumption by Information Technology Equipments

Energy-Sustainable Framework and Performance Analysis of Power Scheme for Operating Systems: A Tool

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