Electrification of buildings and industry in the United States: Drivers, barriers, prospects, and policy approaches

Deason, Jeff; Wei, Max; Leventis, Greg; Smith, Sarah; Schwartz, Lisa

doi:10.2172/1430688

Cited by 43 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…In this study, they find that cooling drives residential electricity usage when compared to heating, suggesting that our method could be effective even in warm regions where electric heating dominates. The US is expected to electrify over time (Deason et al 2018). The 2015 RECS observes more electric heating in the residential sector than 2009 RECS (Energy Information Agency 2018).…”

Section: Applicability To Other Regionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new method utilizing smart meter data for identifying the existence of air conditioning in residential homes

Chen

Sanders

Ban-Weiss

2019

Environ. Res. Lett.

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Climate change, urbanization, and economic growth are expected to drive increases in the installation of new air conditioners, as well as increases in utilization of existing air conditioning (AC) units, in the coming decades. This growth will provide challenges for a diversity of stakeholders, from grid operators charged with maintaining a reliable and cost-effective power system, to low-income communities that may struggle to afford increased electricity costs. Despite the importance of building a quantitative understanding of trends in existing and future AC usage, methods to estimate AC penetration with high spatial and temporal resolution are lacking. In this study we develop a new classification method to characterize AC penetration patterns with unprecedented spatiotemporal resolution (i.e. at the census tract level), using the Greater Los Angeles Area as a case study. The method utilizes smart meter data records from 180 476 households over two years, along with local ambient temperature records. When spatially aggregated, the overall AC penetration rate of the Greater Los Angeles Area is 69%, which is similar to values reported by previous studies. We believe this method can be applied to other regions of the world where household smart meter data are available.

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Section: Applicability To Other Regionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new method utilizing smart meter data for identifying the existence of air conditioning in residential homes

Chen

Sanders

Ban-Weiss

2019

Environ. Res. Lett.

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“…Despite the substantially greater adoption of electric heat pumps in commercial and residential buildings in the high electrification scenarios (relative to the reference scenarios), a more modest amount of incremental electricity demand is found in these sectors because of the high efficiency of heat pumps and the assumption that, in addition to replacing fossil fuel-based heaters, they also replace less-efficient electric resistance heaters (Mai et al 2018). In these scenarios, incremental electrification in industry is assumed to be more limited than in other sectors, reflecting likely greater technical and economic challenges and the greater data limitations for this sector (Deason et al 2018;Mai et al 2018;Steinberg et al 2017).…”

Section: Figure 2 End-use Electricity Consumption Under Reference and High Electrification Scenariosmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To provide additional context for these scenarios, we refer the reader to other projections of future electricity demand, including technical potential estimates (Deason et al 2018;Steinberg et al 2017;Weiss et al 2017) that can result in much greater electrification than is estimated in the EFS high electrification scenarios.…”

Section: Figure 2 End-use Electricity Consumption Under Reference and High Electrification Scenariosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrification Futures Study: Operational Analysis of U.S. Power Systems with Increased Electrification and Demand-Side Flexibility

Zhou

Mai

2021

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“…NREL [87] introduced electrification as an emerging movement in energy markets globally, and defined it as "the shift from any non-electric source of energy to electricity at the point of final consumption" [73]. EIA [90] presented that most end-uses are electrified with the main exceptions in water heating, space heating, and cooktop, which account for 46% of the total energy use [91]. Electrification could provide up to 52% of water heating, 61% of space heating, and 94% of cooking services in combined residential and commercial sectors by 2050 [87].…”

Section: Efficient Strategies and Recommendations In Achieving Net Zero Targetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Net Zero Energy Buildings: Variations, Clarifications, and Requirements in Response to the Paris Agreement

et al. 2021

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Buildings contribute to greenhouse gas emissions that cause environmental impacts on climate change. Net Zero Energy (NZ) buildings would reduce greenhouse gases. The current definition of NZ lacks consensus and has created uncertainties, which cause delays in the adoption of NZ. This paper proposes a Process for Clarification to Accelerate the Net Zero (PC-A-NZ) through three integrated steps: variations, strategies, and requirements. We expand on the results in published NZ literature to clarify the differences in definition and strategy. The objective of this review is to (1) distinguish current variable parameters that are slowing the acceptance of NZ, and (2) focus the discussion internationally on moving faster toward applying NZ to a larger common agreement. The publications of global NZ target assessment and energy efficient strategies will be reviewed to address the main requirements in expediting NZ’s successful progress. Our NZ review analysis highlights (1) how the existing NZ definitions and criteria differ, (2) how calculation strategies vary, and (3) how standards and requirements are often localized. The proposed PC-A-NZ will help policymakers and stakeholders to re-evaluate the existing definitions, standards, and requirements to optimize the use of renewable technologies, improved energy efficiency and electrification to speed up achieving the NZ targets.

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Electrification of buildings and industry in the United States: Drivers, barriers, prospects, and policy approaches

Cited by 43 publications

References 22 publications

A new method utilizing smart meter data for identifying the existence of air conditioning in residential homes

A new method utilizing smart meter data for identifying the existence of air conditioning in residential homes

Electrification Futures Study: Operational Analysis of U.S. Power Systems with Increased Electrification and Demand-Side Flexibility

Net Zero Energy Buildings: Variations, Clarifications, and Requirements in Response to the Paris Agreement

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