Electro‐biocompatibility of conjugates designed by chemical similarity

Abstract

The roughness and thickness of films formed by hybrid conjugates prepared by coupling poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) and synthetic amino acids bearing a 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene group in the side chain have been significantly increased using a new synthetic approach. This procedure also provoked a more effective incorporation of the amino acid at the end of the polymer chains, as has been reflected by the electronic and electrochemical properties. Although the surface polarity of all these materials is similar to that of formamide, the hydrophilicity of the conjugates is higher than that of the conducting polymer. The surface energy of all the investigated systems is dominated by the dispersive component, even though the role played by the polar contribution is more important for the conjugates than for the conducting polymer. On the other hand, all the prepared materials behave as bioactive matrices. The electrochemical response of the conjugates coated with cells reflects the electro-compatibility of these two-component substrates. Thus, the ability to exchange charge reversibly of all conjugates increases considerably when they are coated with cellular monolayers, which has attributed to favorable interactions at the interface formed by the conjugate surface and the cellular monolayer.

Electroactive polymer–peptide conjugates for adhesive biointerfaces

“…28 In the first step, which is the same for the two strategies ( Figure 2), PEDOT films were deposited onto steel sheets by chronoamperometry (CA) under a constant potential of 1.40 V and using a 10 mM 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) solution in acetonitrile containing 100 mM LiClO 4 as supporting electrolyte. The polymerization time (θ 1 ) was only 10 s. After eliminating the excess of monomer and dopant…”

“…The PEDOT-RG E D conjugate was prepared using two alternative strategies (A and B) of three steps each, which are known to provide materials with different surface properties. 28 In the first step, which is the same for the two strategies (Fig. 2), PEDOT films were deposited onto steel sheets by chronoamperometry (CA) under a constant potential of 1.40 V and using a 10 mM 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) solution in acetonitrile containing 100 mM LiClO 4 as the supporting electrolyte.…”

“…These modifications are expected to affect considerably the roughness and wettabil-ity of the surface. 28 Finally, in the last step, which was identical for strategies A and B (Fig. 2), the desired PEDOT-RG E D conjugates were obtained by immersing electrodes coated with the PEDOT-( protected RG E D) systems into a 1 : 1 trifluoroacetic acid : dichloromethane mixture (TFA : DCM) for 2 hours and, subsequently, washing with DCM.…”

Detailed Description of the Molecular Organization behind AFM Images of Polymer Coatings: A Molecular Modeling Approach

“…Evidently, Figure 1 also shows that the larger is the polymerization time, the more extensive is the morphologic homogeneity, showing much regular dispersion when θ = 3 s than when it is 1 s (Figure 1b compared to the former). Nonetheless, a more detailed examination of those regions that have already been covered by polymer at θ = 1 s shows several features yet observed in cases in which polymerization was completed: 32 PEDOT chains tend to organize in a dense distribution of sharp peaks forming two differentiated levels. On the top level, a very small number of high and compact clusters form from the aggregation of peaks, whereas the bottom level involves individual peaks and low clusters of reduced dimensions, which can be associated with most recently formed polymer chains that accumulate at the bottom of the valleys.…”

A Protocol for the Design of Protein and Peptide Nanostructure Self-Assemblies Exploiting Synthetic Amino Acids

“…We showed that the conjugates obtained by linking such synthetic amino acids with PEDOT (named PEDOT-I and PEDOT-II in Scheme 1) exhibit electrochemical and electrical activity. Furthermore, cell adhesion and proliferation assays showed that the behavior of both PEDOT-I and PEDOT-II as cellular matrices is better than is PEDOT counterpart, the latter being a well-known electrobiocompatible material [91,95].…”