Electro-catalytic microfiltration membranes electrochemically degrade azo dyes in solution

Quantifying the Impact of Electrically Conductive Membrane-Generated Hydrogen Peroxide and Extreme pH on the Viability of Escherichia coli Biofilms

“…Electrically conductive membranes (ECMs) have demonstrated promising self-cleaning capabilities to control fouling, the major limitation of traditional separation processes. − An applied charge to ECMs’ surfaces promotes antifouling mechanisms at the membrane–water interface. These antifouling mechanisms include electrostatic repulsion of like-charged contaminates, electrochemical and electrocatalytic reactions, and enhanced electrophoretic mobility of foulant particles . Often applied as coatings to conventional polymeric membranes, ECMs controllably target foulants at their point of adhesion at the membrane/water interface.…”

Methods for stability assessment of electrically conductive membranes

“…The application of an electric potential to an ECM promotes various antifouling mechanisms at the membrane/water interface [6] , [7] , [8] , [9] , [10] . These antifouling mechanisms include electrostatic repulsion of like-charged foulants [11] , electrochemical [12] and electrocatalytic [13] reactions, and gas generation [14] . ECMs have presented several advantages as compared to conventional membranes such as: (a) controllably target foulants at the membrane/water interface which makes them more effective than traditional bulk solution cleaning (biocide dosing, pH adjustment) [15] , [16] , [17] , (b) use electrons, “clean reagents”, as antifouling mediators, making the process less chemical intense and easy to operate, which reduces the handling and storage costs of chemicals [18] , [19] , [20] , and (c) can tailor their antifouling mechanisms by tuning the applied electrical properties (polarity, magnitude, and frequency).…”

Carbon nanomaterial-based membranes for water and wastewater treatment under electrochemical assistance

“…However, they can be effectively removed by nanocarbonaceous MF or UF membranes coupling with electro-adsorption, electrooxidation, electroreduction and/or electro-Fenton process. 24,[217][218][219][220][221][222][223][224][225] During the electrochemically assisted processes, the molecules are captured and/or decomposed quickly when they migrate toward or pass through the nanocarbonaceous membranes, achieving high permselectivity. 219,[226][227][228][229] Moreover, the convection in the membrane pore efficiently improves the mass transfer to promote the electrochemical reactions.…”