Electro-conductively deposited carbon fibers for power controllable heating elements

Abstract

Carbon fibers are considered as one of the promising heating elements in various industrial applications because of their excellent thermal stability and electrical conductivity.

Electric heaters based on nanomodified paraffin with self­installing heat contact for anti­icing systems of aerospace crafts

“…It is worth to note that for application in electric heaters, carbon fibers posses good conductivity and thermal stability. The authors of the paper [11] describe the heater with the deliberately altered microstructure of carbon fiber through deposition of carbon atoms. In the microstructure of deposited carbon atoms, the initial later is formed by small domains, an intermediate layer with average crystallinity and the final layer with large domains with a high degree of crystallinity.…”

“…However, a linear decrease of conductivity in heating elements is due to the change in crystal orientation from linear to perpendicular relative to fibers. The output power of such composites ranges from 270 to 448 W when fed with 50 V. This technology can be used for various technical applications [11]. Manufacturing complexity limits its application for heating large surfaces.…”

“…Among new functionalities are self-installing thermal contact and actuator effect. From the literature review [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20], it can be concluded that in the field of composite electric heaters, the problems of forming effective heat contacts between the heating surface and heated object are not well studied and almost ignored.…”