Electro-optical soil porosity investigation by means of Quantimet-B equipment

Jongerius, A.; Schoonderbeek, D.; Jäger, Alexander; Kowalinski, S.

doi:10.1016/0016-7061(72)90004-3

Cited by 65 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…As descrições das lâminas delgadas foram realizadas no Departamento de Ciência do Solo da Universidade de Saskatchewan, Canadá, segundo os conceitos de Brewer (1964), Jongerius et al (1972), Stoops & Jongerius (1975) e Bullock et al (1985). As adaptações dos termos para o português foram feitas de acordo com Lima et al (1985) e Santos et al (1991).…”

Section: Methodsunclassified

Influência do cultivo contínuo da cana-de-açúcar em latossolos amarelos coesos do estado de Alagoas: propriedades micromorfológicas

Silva¹,

Ribeiro

Mermut

et al. 1998

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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RESUMOForam estudados os efeitos do cultivo contínuo da cana-de-açúcar por meio da análise micromorfológica de Latossolos Amarelos argilosos da região dos tabuleiros costeiros do estado de Alagoas, Brasil. Quatro talhões foram selecionados na Usina Caeté, município de São Miguel dos Campos, AL, em janeiro de 1995, sendo um com vegetação nativa (Tn), e os demais cultivados por períodos de dois (T2), dezoito (T18) e vinte e cinco (T25) anos. Os solos foram morfologicamente caracterizados, sendo coletadas amostras indeformadas dos horizontes A, AB e BA de cada perfil, em caixas de Kubiena, para análises micromorfológicas. Foram coletadas amostras para análises de densidade do solo, macroposidade, carbono orgânico e condutividade hidráulica saturada. Os resultados evidenciam que o uso agrícola dos solos causou mudanças na morfologia do horizonte superficial, com o desenvolvimento de um horizonte Ap, com sensível perda de estrutura. Após um evidente impacto negativo nas propriedades físicas com o primeiro plantio da cana-de-açúcar, o manejo adotado promoveu uma recuperação parcial da macroporosidade no horizonte superficial após 18 e 25 anos de cultivo. Além da formação inicial de uma camada compactada nos horizontes Ap e AB, foi observado um adensamento pedogenético natural do solo no BA, acelerado com o cultivo da cana-de-açúcar, pelo preenchimento de poros com argila iluvial. A porosidade total obtida pelo analisador de imagem nas fotografias das lâminas delgadas corrobora uma sensível redução da porosidade no horizonte superficial com a introdução do cultivo. Mostra também que a porosidade do horizonte BA é baixa no perfil com vegetação nativa, comprovando o caráter pedogenético do adensamento desse horizonte. Apesar de não ter sido observado nenhum revestimento nas unidades estruturais em campo, a micromorfologia mostrou pedofeições morfológicas com revestimentos argilosos nos agregados e enchimento de poros com argila iluvial, o que indica a tendência à formação de horizonte B textural com o tempo.Termos de indexação: Latossolo Amarelo argiloso, propriedades físicas, tempo de cultivo, adensamento, coesão, compactação.

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Section: Methodsunclassified

Influência do cultivo contínuo da cana-de-açúcar em latossolos amarelos coesos do estado de Alagoas: propriedades micromorfológicas

Silva¹,

Ribeiro

Mermut

et al. 1998

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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“…Letey (1991), for example, advocated focusing on the arrangement of voids, and on the properties that these voids conferred to soils rather than on the "solid components of soil structure". Measuring porosity in thin sections using micromorphological techniques through the use of light microscopy and image analysis, provides an opportunity to relate porosity to infiltrability (Jongerius et al 1972, Bouma et al 1977, Schoonderbeek et al 1983.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micromorphology of surface crusts in the Knersvlakte, South Africa

2009

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Soils in the Knersvlakte are particularly prone to crusting and have lower inherent infiltrability than other soils across western southern Africa. Micromorphological techniques were used to examine the structure and porosity of soil crusts in the Knersvlakte to ascertain why crusting is so intense in this region. Quantile regression using boundary lines was employed to examine the relationships between infiltrability and soil properties for all samples (n = 67). This analysis showed that infiltrability is potentially maximal at low waterdispersible 'clay plus silt' content and low silt content (r 2 = 0.72 and 0.64; respectively, n = 67) ( Figure 2). The strength of crusts, pH, EC, clay mineralogy, and water-dispersible clay, silt and 'clay plus silt' content were compared, and a pore analysis using optical microscopy was undertaken on images of six soil thin sections (n = 6) (circular and parallel polarizers). Pore analysis was further undertaken on five horizontal slices of equal dimensions taken through each soil thin section. The porosity samples with low infiltrability (< 100 mm·hr -1 , n = 4) had greater crust strength, lower porosity (both total and in the least porous slice) and greater water-dispersible 'clay plus silt' and silt content than the porosity samples with high infiltrability (> 100 mm·hr -1 , n = 2). The porosity samples with low infiltrability showed a trend of lower pH and greater water dispersible clay percentage. Porosity varied within the porosity samples due to the presence of dense clay/silt bands (< 0.5 mm in width) with relatively few air vesicles. The porosity samples with horizontal slices of low porosity (but large numbers of air vesicles) had low infiltrability, while those without slices of low porosity (and relatively few air vesicles) had high infiltrability. We conclude that the intense crusting and resultant low infiltrability of soils in the Knersvlakte appears to be related to the formation of thin, dense clay/silt bands in the pedoderm.

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“…Image analysis of soil micromorphology has been very useful in the quantification of pedofeatures since its initial development in the 1970s (Jongerius et al 1972). It can be very useful as a tool in studying the soil micromorphological changes that occur as soil management is altered.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in pore structure in a no-till chronosequence of silt loam soils, southern Ontario

VandenBygaart

Protz²,

Tomlin³

1999

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

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Many research studies have dealt with the influences of minimum or no-till soil management practices on the major physical, chemical, biological and morphological properties in the soil profile. However little work has been done on the assessment of the rates of changes in pore properties as management practices are converted from conventional to no-till (NT) methods. Short-term changes in soil micromorphology attributed to conversion to no-till from conventionally tilled management are evaluated in this paper. As the number of years in no-till increased there was a decrease in the number pores of 30- to 100-µm diameter in the no-till soils. However, pores from 100- to 500-µm diameter increased in number only after 4 yr of NT. The pores of this size are important for water storage, transmission and root development. The decline in the number of these pores after no-till initiation followed by the increase after 4 yr may explain why crop yields tend to be lower only after the first few years after implementing no-till. The 100- to 500-µm diameter pores may be crucial for the proper development of roots in wheat and corn. The no-till soils had greater numbers of horizontally oriented elongated macropores in the top 5 to 15 cm of the soil profile due to the lack of tillage and annual freeze-thaw processes. These pores may inhibit proper drainage and root penetration. Rounded macropores increased with the number of years the soil was in no-till as these pores were maintained each year due to the lack of tillage and greater faunal activity in the no-till soils. Key words: Micromorphology, image analysis, earthworms, no-till, soil structure

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Electro-optical soil porosity investigation by means of Quantimet-B equipment

Cited by 65 publications

References 5 publications

Influência do cultivo contínuo da cana-de-açúcar em latossolos amarelos coesos do estado de Alagoas: propriedades micromorfológicas

Influência do cultivo contínuo da cana-de-açúcar em latossolos amarelos coesos do estado de Alagoas: propriedades micromorfológicas

Micromorphology of surface crusts in the Knersvlakte, South Africa

Changes in pore structure in a no-till chronosequence of silt loam soils, southern Ontario

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