“…The coordinate (x,θ,z), where x , θ, and z denote the axial, circumferential, and radial directions, respectively, is used. Based on MCST, the governing equations of an embedded visco-carotid artery may be expressed as 20 where u , v , and w are displacement components of the mid-plane in the axial, circumferential, and radial directions, respectively; φx and φθ are the rotations of a transverse normal about the axial and circumferential directions; k is shear correction factor; and Aij, Dij (i,j=1,2,…,6) may be expressed as where Cij is the elastic constant. According to Kelvin–Voigt model, 21 in real life carotid arterial properties depend on the time variation.…”