Radiodynamic therapy (RDT) has emerged as a promising
modality
for cancer treatment, offering notable advantages such as deep tissue
penetration and radiocatalytic generation of oxygen free radicals.
However, the oxygen-dependent nature of RDT imposes limitations on
its efficacy in hypoxic conditions, particularly in modulating and
eliminating radioresistant immune suppression cells. A novel approach
involving the creation of a “super” tetrahedron polyoxometalate
(POM) cluster, Fe12-POM, has been developed for radiation
boosted chemodynamic catalysis to enable oxygen-independent RDT in
hypoxic conditions. This nanoscale cluster comprises four P2W15 units functioning as energy antennas, while the Fe3 core serves as an electron receptor and catalytic center.
Under X-ray radiation, a metal-to-metal charge transfer phenomenon
occurs between P2W15 and the Fe3 core,
resulting in the valence transition of Fe3+ to Fe2+ and a remarkable 139-fold increase in hydroxyl radical generation
compared to Fe12-POM alone. The rapid generation of hydroxyl
radicals, in combination with PD-1 therapy, induces a reprogramming
of the immune environment within tumors. This reprogramming is characterized
by upregulation of CD80/86, downregulation of CD163 and FAP, as well
as the release of interferon-γ and tumor necrosis factor-α.
Consequently, the occurrence of abscopal effects is facilitated, leading
to significant regression of both local and distant tumors in mice.
The development of oxygen-independent RDT represents a promising approach
to address cancer recurrence and improve treatment outcomes.