Electroanalytical Determination of Copper(II) Ions Using a Polymer Membrane Sensor

Abstract

In this study, a new potentiometric sensor selective to copper(II) ions was developed and characterized. The developed sensor has a polymeric membrane and contains 4.0% electroactive material (ionophore), 33.0% poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC), 63.0% bis(2-ethylhexyl)sebacate (BEHS) and 1.0% potassium tetrakis(p-chlorophenyl)borate (KTpClPB). This novel copper(II)-selective sensor exhibits a Nernstian response over a wide concentration range from 1.0×10 -6 to 1.0×10 -1 mol L -1 with a slope of 29.6 (±1.2) mV decade -1 , and a lower detection limit of 8.75×10 -7 mol L -1 . The sensor, which was produced economically by synthesizing the ionophore in the laboratory, has a good selectivity and repeatability, fast response time and stable potentiometric behaviour. The potential response of the sensor remains unaffected of pH in the range of 5.0-10.0. Based on the analytical applications of the sensor, we showed that it can be used as an indicator electrode in the quantification of Cu 2+ ions by potentiometric titration against EDTA, and can also be successfully utilized for the determination of copper(II) ions in different real samples.

Surface characterization of barium(II)‐selective potentiometric sensor based on a newly synthesized thiosemicarbazone derivative molecule

“…In this study, all solid contact PVC‐membrane sensors were prepared as in our previous studies [28, 29]. First, conductive solid contact electrodes were prepared by homogeneously dissolving graphite (50.0 %), epoxy (35.0 %) and hardener (15.0 %) in THF (approximately 3 mL).…”

Application of ionic liquids in ion‐selective electrodes and reference electrodes: A review

“…The membrane of such electrodes consists of graphite powder mixed with a binder and an active ingredient (ionophore or ion exchanger). [49][50][51][52] Paste electrode membranes are also modified in various ways by the addition of carbon nanomaterials, composite materials, and ionic liquids. [24,31] This paper discusses the use of ionic liquids in ion-selective electrode membranes, as intermediate layer components and as composite components.…”

“…Among all‐solid‐state (ASS) electrodes, besides electrodes with a polymer membrane, there are paste electrodes. The membrane of such electrodes consists of graphite powder mixed with a binder and an active ingredient (ionophore or ion exchanger) [49–52] . Paste electrode membranes are also modified in various ways by the addition of carbon nanomaterials, composite materials, and ionic liquids [24,31] …”