Electrocaloric and pyroelectric properties of 0.75Pb(Mg1∕3Nb2∕3)O3–0.25PbTiO3 single crystals

Sebald, Gaël; Seveyrat, Laurence; Guyomar, Daniel; Lebrun, Laurent; Guiffard, Benoît; Pruvost, Sébastien

doi:10.1063/1.2407271

Cited by 178 publications

(126 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…In the indirect measurement, a differential scanning calorimeter is used to measure the heat flow under a high electric field and isothermal conditions. 14,15 This technique is best suited to bulk materials as the output heat flow signal for a thin film sample is very small. Jia and Ju 16 reported an approach for characterizing the EC effect in a thin film sitting on an insulating substrate.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…A significant percentage of the adiabatic temperature change (about 50%) is still realized, however, which is much larger than that obtained in other techniques. [14][15][16] The frequency dependence of the EC effect is investigated and the film stability is explored. X-ray diffraction (XRD) is employed to study the structural phase transition in the terpolymer when an electric field is applied.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Electrocaloric characterization of a poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene-chlorofluoroethylene) terpolymer by infrared imaging

Guo

Gao

et al. 2014

Applied Physics Letters

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The electrocaloric effect in thin films of a poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene chlorofluoroethylene) terpolymer (62.6/29.4/8 mol. %, 11-12 lm thick) is directly measured by infrared imaging at ambient conditions. The adiabatic temperature change is estimated to be 5.2 K for an applied electric field of 90 V/lm. The temperature change is independent of the operating frequency in the range of 0.03-0.3 Hz and is stable over a testing period of 30 min. Application of this terpolymer is promising for micro-scale refrigeration. V C 2014 AIP Publishing LLC.[http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4890676] Micro-scale refrigeration systems are widely used for the cooling of integrated circuits, microelectromechanical sensors, and biomedical devices.1 Environment-friendly cooling technologies with a high efficiency are attractive due to growing energy demands and stringent environmental requirements. 2Although thermoelectric cooling is commonly applied and has been scaled to the micro-domain, 3-6 the low efficiency and challenges in material fabrication suggest that alternatives are needed. 6 While refrigeration based on the magnetocaloric effect 7 can be employed to achieve extremely low temperatures, miniaturization of devices is challenging while maintaining a high cooling performance due to the difficulty of realizing the large magnetic fields required. 2The electrocaloric (EC) effect is a phenomenon in which reversible, polarization-related temperature and entropy changes occur when an electric field is applied to certain materials. EC cooling, which operates on a refrigeration cycle analogous to magnetocaloric cooling, is an emerging technology. 8 The highest reported adiabatic temperature change in a bulk EC material is 2.5 K at an electric field of 3 V/lm and a temperature of 434 K 11 The P(VDF-TrFE-CFE) terpolymer demonstrates an adiabatic temperature change of 16 K at an electric field of 150 V/lm near room temperature 12 and is easily and economically fabricated, making it favorable for mass production.13 These findings point to the potential of applying EC cooling in micro-devices using polymer thin films.Direct and indirect techniques can be applied to measure the EC effect. In the indirect measurement, a differential scanning calorimeter is used to measure the heat flow under a high electric field and isothermal conditions. 14,15 This technique is best suited to bulk materials as the output heat flow signal for a thin film sample is very small. Jia and Ju 16 reported an approach for characterizing the EC effect in a thin film sitting on an insulating substrate. In this approach, the temperature response of a resistance thermometer deposited on the bottom of the EC film is monitored as an electric field is turned on and off. In the reported measurements, the temperature change is less than 10% of that expected because the heat loss from the EC film to the substrate is large. Lu et al.17 employed a specially designed calorimeter to measure the EC effect in a thin film. In this approach, the heat generated in the...

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Electrocaloric characterization of a poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene-chlorofluoroethylene) terpolymer by infrared imaging

Guo

Gao

et al. 2014

Applied Physics Letters

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“…FOMs are generally used for applications in energy harvesting (F E , k 2 ) [11,12,[21][22][23][24] and pyroelectric sensing (F V , F I , F D ). [9,12,[21][22][23][24][25]] F E and k 2 represent how much and how efficiently a pyroelectric material converts thermal energy into electrical energy. F V , F I and F D denote the generation of maximum voltage, current, and noise for a given power input, respectively.…”

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Relationship Between the Material Properties and Pyroelectric‐Generating Performance of PZTs

Yamanaka¹,

Kim²,

Nakajima³

et al. 2017

Advanced Sustainable Systems

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according to a given temperature variation during generating cycle:It was indicated that the D F could be effective as a FOM for the pyroelectric generating performance and the dielectric loss (tanδ) significantly affected the generating performance in addition to p under hightemperature and electric-field conditions. Furthermore, of the PZTs tested, the C-91 sample (see further), which showed the highest generating performance, resulted in a generated energy of 1.3 mW cm −3 in the engine dynamometer assessment. This is 13 times greater than the generated energy reported in a previous study of C-6 (0.1 mW cm −3 ). [1] How much wasted heat exists, and how can we utilize it as renewable energy? These questions have been explored in automotive applications. Recently, there has been increasing interest in thermoelectric generation as an energy-regeneration technology because of the increasing concerns about environmental pollution and commitments to a low-carbon society.Therefore, to improve the fuel efficiency (energy saving) of automobiles, in this study, we focus on exhaust losses (exhaust gas), which account for approximately 30% of the gasoline energy, which is equal to the driving energy, [2] and developed an exhaust energy-regeneration technology based on thermoelectric generation.In pyroelectric applications, the general figures of merit (FOMs) have been applied and reported near room temperature. We derived the modified FOMs in considering our electro-thermodynamic cycle for the usage environment of automotive applications. The relationship between the material properties and generating performance of PZTs was investigated at various temperatures. The F D was suggested from F D , a FOM for a pyroelectric sensor, based on the modified pyroelectric coefficient (p); p . p was calculated by the change of the spontaneous polarization (P S ) according to a given temperature variation during one cycle; ΔP S /ΔT (T max −T min ). It was indicated that the F F D D could be effective as a FOM for the pyroelectric generating performance and the dielectric loss (tanδ ) significantly affected the generating performance in addition to p p under high-temperature and electric field conditions. Furthermore, of the PZTs tested, C-91 sample which showed the highest generating performance resulted in a generating energy of 1.3 mW cm -3 in the engine dynamometer assessment. This is 13 times greater than the generating energy reported in a previous study of C-6 (0.1 mW cm -3 ).In pyroelectric applications, general figures of merit (FOMs) have been applied and reported at near room temperature. We derived modified FOMs for the usage environment of automotive applications by considering an electro-thermodynamic cycle. The relationship between the material properties and the generating performance of lead zirconate titanates (PZTs) was investigated at various temperatures. A general FOM F D for a pyroelectric sensor, quantifying the electrical noise caused by thermal energy (Johnson noise) was modified and suggested as D

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“…3,4 Single crystals of lead magnesium niobate-lead titanate or lead zinc niobate-lead titanate have focused a lot of attention as they exhibit coupling coefficients as high as 90%, close to the theoretical values of 100%. 5,6 Because of their high coupling coefficients, these two types of materials seem to be promising for the energy conversion; however, drawbacks such as brittleness and high density may prevent their use in some applications.…”

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confidence: 99%

Electrostrictive polymers for mechanical energy harvesting

Lallart

Cottinet

Guyomar

et al. 2012

J Polym Sci B Polym Phys

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This article reviews the developments in electrostrictive polymers for energy harvesting. Electrostrictive polymers are a variety of electroactive polymers that deform due to the electrostatic and polarization interaction between two electrodes with opposite electric charge. Electrostrictive polymers have been the subject of much interest and research over the past decade. In earlier years, much of the focus was placed on actuator configurations, and in more recent years, the focus has turned to investigating material properties that may enhance electromechanical activities. Since the last 5 years and with the development of low-power electronics, the possibility of using these materials for energy harvesting has been investigated. This review outlines the operating principle in energy scavenging mode and conversion mechanisms behind this generator technology, highlights some of its advantages over existing actuator technologies, identifies some of the challenges associated with its development, and examines the main focus of research within this field, including some of the potential applications. KEYWORDS: actuators; dielectric properties; electrostrictive polymers; energy harvesting; ferroelectricity; nanoparticles INTRODUCTION The performance of energy harvesters is directly linked to the efficiency of the mechanical-electrical conversion within the active materials. For piezoelectric materials, the efficiency of the conversion can be estimated with the help of the coupling coefficient. For a given vibration mode, this coefficient expresses the ratio of the converted energy to the input one. Another key point for electroactive materials concerns the easiness of their integration within the whole structure.

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Electrocaloric and pyroelectric properties of 0.75Pb(Mg1∕3Nb2∕3)O3–0.25PbTiO3 single crystals

Cited by 178 publications

References 26 publications

Electrocaloric characterization of a poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene-chlorofluoroethylene) terpolymer by infrared imaging

Electrocaloric characterization of a poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene-chlorofluoroethylene) terpolymer by infrared imaging

Relationship Between the Material Properties and Pyroelectric‐Generating Performance of PZTs

Electrostrictive polymers for mechanical energy harvesting

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