Electrocardiographic Changes in Newborns From Mothers With Metabolic Syndrome

Похилько, Валерій Іванович; Ковальова, Олена Михайлівна; Цвіренко, Світлана Миколаївна; Cherniavska, Yu.; Soloiova, Halyna O.; Yakovenko, O. V.; Sliusareva, Anastasia V.

doi:10.36740/wlek202106112

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“…Висококалорійна і жирна дієта під час вагітності сприяє гіпертонії та дисфункції ендотелію у ненародженої дитини в дорослому віці [6]. Недостатнє або неповноцінне харчування вагітної, інфекції, паління, стреси, ендокринні розлади впливають на розвиток плода й викликають затримку росту і низьку масу тіла при народженні, з одного боку, та зміни метаболічного або фізіологічного профілю при відповідних захворюваннях, з іншого [7,8]. Надлишкова вага при народженні пов'язана з підвищеним ризиком акушерських і неонатальних ускладнень, а також метаболічних і серцево-судинних розладів пізніше в житті [9].…”

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Features of Cardiovascular Adaptation in Newborns Born From Mothers With Metabolic Syndrome

Похилько¹,

Ковальова²,

Cherniavska³

et al. 2021

Neonatol. hìr. perinat. med.

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Introduction. Overweight and obesity, the manifestations of metabolic syndrome during pregnancy, and their consequences are huge public health challenges. The effect of a mother`s metabolic syndrome on the condition of a newborn is insufficiently studied. The aim is to establish the features of cardiovascular adaptation of premature infants born from mothers with metabolic syndrome, and to identify metabolic maternal and infant risk factors that are mostly associated with high blood pressure and cardiopathy. Material and methods. A cohort prospective study was conducted, which included 97 premature newborns who were treated in the intensive care unit. Two groups were formed: the main group included premature infants born from mothers with metabolic syndrome (n = 40), and the comparison group included premature infants born from mothers without metabolic syndrome (n = 57). Results. Infants born from mothers with metabolic syndrome had significantly higher blood pressure than normal according to the gestational age of a child (45.5 ± 0.13 vs. 42.56 ± 0.13 mm Hg, p <0.001). High blood pressure in infants was significantly associated with maternal lipid metabolism disorders (OR 30.9) and hypertension (OR 4.8). The study found a significant positive relationship between blood pressure and overweight in an infant (Coef. 0.168), and a significant negative relationship with glucose level in blood serum (Coef. -0.037). It was found that cardiomyopathy is significantly more common in children of the main group (p = 0.010), its development is associated with the presence of diabetes in a mother (OR 7.57). The more components of the metabolic syndrome a woman has, the more likely a child is to have cardiomyopathy. The risk of developing cardiomyopathy is significantly influenced by a number of risk factors on the part of a newborn. Conclusions: High blood pressure in premature infants is significantly associated with a complex of components of the metabolic syndrome in mothers (hypertension and / or preeclampsia, obesity, diabetes and disorders of lipid metabolism in a mother (OR 14.71, p <0.001)). The role of carbohydrate metabolism disorders in a child in the development of high blood pressure has been demonstrated. It is proved that the development of cardiopathy in newborns is associated with risk factors from both a child and a mother, which indicates a complex effect of metabolic factors on the adaptation of the cardiovascular system.

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