Electrocatalysis for Fuel Cells at Enzyme‐Modified Electrodes

Vincent, Kylie A.; Barton, Scott Calabrese; Canters, Gerard W.; Heering, Hendrik A.

doi:10.1002/9780470463772.ch17

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 101 publications

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“…Two types of DAFCs have been developed for this purpose: 1) devices such as those described in section 2, where the anode and cathode are separated by an anion-exchange membrane and are coated with an electrocatalyst, generally a nanostructured noble metal, supported on a conductive material and 2) enzymatic biofuel cells (EBFC) utilizing oxidation enzymes such as dehydrogenases in conjunction with an electron transfer mediator (Figure 10). 43,44 Figure 10a shows a simplified working scheme of a DAFC where alcohols (in this case ethanol) are selectively converted into carboxylates (RCOO − ) where the electrolyte is an anion-exchange membrane. Typical power density curves at 25 • C for air-breathing cells fueled with aqueous solutions of ethanol, ethylene glycol or glycerol are shown in Figure 10b.…”

Section: Dafc Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy & Chemicals from Renewable Resources by Electrocatalysis

Bellini

Bevilacqua

Innocenti

et al. 2014

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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The selective production of chemicals from renewable resources with contemporaneous release of energy is perhaps one of the most desired targets of sustainable chemistry. Here, we report an overview of our recent research efforts, where we have demonstrated that this can be achieved using renewable alcohols, by means of two electrochemical devices: direct fuel cells and electrolyzers. In either case, an aqueous solution of the fuel in the anode compartment is oxidized on a nanostructured electrocatalyst that promotes selectively the partial oxidation of the anolyte with high stability and fast kinetics. We have found that anode electrocatalysts based on nanosized Pd particles, alone or promoted by Ni-Zn phases as well as by CeO 2 or TiO 2 , are able to accomplish this goal in alkaline environment when used in conjunction with commercially available cathode electrocatalysts and solid or liquid electrolytes. In an electrolyzer, containing an anode electrocatalyst similar to that employable in a DAFC, the electrolyte may be either an anion exchange-membrane or a solution of an alkali metal hydroxide (NaOH or KOH, for example) and the alcohol is converted to the corresponding alkali metal carboxylate, while hydrogen gas is produced at the cathode upon water reduction.

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Section: Dafc Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy & Chemicals from Renewable Resources by Electrocatalysis

Bellini

Bevilacqua

Innocenti

et al. 2014

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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“…14 The choice of immobilization technique depends on the enzyme, the electrode surface, and the specific operational requirements. 15 Biomimetic approaches toward encapsulating proteins in welldefined meso-porous structures have marked new avenues for synthesis and assembly of nanomaterials. [16][17][18] Convective self-assembly, first implemented by Denkov et.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Enzyme-Redox Hydrogel Thin-Film Electrodes for Improved Utilization

Chakraborty¹,

McClellan²,

Hasselbeck³

et al. 2014

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Homogeneous, sub-micron thick bioactive films containing redox hydrogels and the enzyme laccase were prepared on gold-coated glass slides via convective self-assembly. Sub-micron film thickness (∼10-50 nm) allowed higher mediator and enzyme utilization by lowering transport limitations. This study demonstrates control of redox hydrogel film morphology by manipulating hydrophilicity, spreading and wetting properties of the hydrogel/electrode interface. Use of a non-ionic surfactant (Triton X-100) enabled spreading of enzyme containing precursor solutions with no negative impact on enzyme activity. Ellipsometry was used to measure filmswelling properties of these systems, square wave voltammetry was employed to estimate the amount of electroactive redox polymer, and cyclic voltammetry enabled estimation of apparent electron diffusivity. This study impacts the design of thin, catalytic films for bioelectronic applications.

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