Electrocatalysis of H 2 oxidation on Ru(0001) and Ru(10−10) single crystal surfaces

Inoue, Hiroshi; Wang, J.X; Sasaki, Kotaro; Adžić, Radoslav R.

doi:10.1016/s0022-0728(03)00077-9

Cited by 43 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…This behavior closely resembles earlier findings for Pt and PtRu alloy electrodes [56] and supported catalysts [30,58]. On the other hand, it has been shown for polycrystalline and single-crystal Ru electrodes [56,68], and for carbonsupported Ru nanoparticles [69] that H 2 oxidation is equally almost activation free. This is reflected in the very small overpotential for the onset of the HOR, but the kinetically limited currents for H 2 oxidation, which determine the slope of the current-voltage characteristics, are about two orders of magnitude smaller than those for Pt or PtRu alloys.…”

Section: Electrooxidation Of H 2 /Cosupporting

confidence: 90%

On the Role of Reactant Transport and (Surface) Alloy Formation for the CO Tolerance of Carbon Supported PtRu Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Catalysts

et al. 2006

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The role of atomic scale intermixing for the electrocatalytic activity of bimetallic PtRu anode catalysts in reformate operated polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFC) was investigated, exploiting the specific properties of colloid based catalyst synthesis for the selective preparation of alloyed and nonalloyed bimetallic catalysts. Three different carbon supported PtRu catalysts with different degrees of Pt and Ru intermixing, consisting of (i) carbon supported PtRu alloy particles (PtRu/C), (ii) Pt and Ru particles co-deposited on the same carbon support (Pt+Ru/C), and (iii) a mixture of carbon supported Pt and carbon supported Ru (Pt/C+Ru/C) as well as the respective monometallic Pt/C and Ru/C catalysts were prepared and characterized by electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray absorption spectroscopy, and CO stripping. Their performance as PEFC anode catalysts was evaluated by oxidation of a H 2 /2%CO gas mixture (simulated reformate) under fuel cell relevant conditions (elevated temperature, continuous reaction and controlled reactant transport) in a rotating disk electrode (RDE) set-up. The CO tolerance and H 2 oxidation activity of the three catalysts is comparable and distinctly different from that of the monometallic catalysts. The results indicate significant transport of the reactants, CO ad and/or OH ad , between Pt and Ru surface areas and particles for all three catalysts, with only subtle differences from the alloy catalyst to the physical mixture. The high activity and CO tolerance of the bimetallic catalysts, through the formation of bimetallic surfaces, is explained, e.g., by contact formation in nanoparticle agglomerates or by material transport and subsequent surface decoration/surface alloy formation during catalyst preparation, conditioning, and operation. The instability and mobility of the catalysts under these conditions closely resembles concepts in gas phase catalysis.

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Section: Electrooxidation Of H 2 /Cosupporting

confidence: 90%

On the Role of Reactant Transport and (Surface) Alloy Formation for the CO Tolerance of Carbon Supported PtRu Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Catalysts

et al. 2006

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“…12. It was mentioned earlier [22,23] that H 2 SO 4 from which the bisulfates are adsorbed protects Ru surface against further oxidation and the kinetics of hydrogen oxidation is faster in H 2 SO 4 than in HClO 4 where RuOH is more easily formed. Besides, H UPD reaction at Pd [8,47] is faster in sulfuric than perchloric acid although thermodynamically adsorption in HClO 4 is stronger and starts at more positive potentials.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Moreover, these processes are complicated by the ionic adsorption [14,19]. Recently, more interest was directed towards monocrystalline Ru electrodes [5,[19][20][21][22][23][24][25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetics of hydrogen underpotential deposition at ruthenium in acidic solutions

Łosiewicz

Martin

Lebouin

et al. 2010

Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry

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“…Fuel cells are expected soon to become one of the major sources of clean energy; yet despite significant advances in recent years, the efficiency of existing technology is still inadequate, and the available electrocatalysts have high Pt content. These drawbacks mostly reflect the slow electrocatalytic oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), but also the slow oxidation of reformate hydrogen (from reformed methanol), impure hydrogen, or methanol [1][2][3][4][5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Platinum Monolayer Fuel Cell Electrocatalysts

et al. 2007

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We describe a new class of electrocatalysts for the O 2 reduction, and H 2 and methanol oxidation reactions, consisting of a monolayer of Pt deposited on a metal or alloy carbon-supported nanoparticles. These electrocatalysts show up to a 20-fold increase in Pt mass activity compared with conventional all-Pt electrocatalysts. The origin of their increased activity was identified through a combination of experimental methods, employing electrochemical and surface science techniques, X-ray absorption spectroscopy, and density functional theory calculations. The long-term tests in fuel cells demonstrated excellent stability of the anode and good stability of the cathode electrocatalysts. We also describe the stabilization of Pt electrocatalysts against dissolution under potential cycling regimes effected by a submonolayer of Au clusters deposited on Pt surfaces. These new electrocatalysts promise to alleviate some of the major problems of existing fuel cell technology.

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Electrocatalysis of H 2 oxidation on Ru(0001) and Ru(10−10) single crystal surfaces

Cited by 43 publications

References 19 publications

On the Role of Reactant Transport and (Surface) Alloy Formation for the CO Tolerance of Carbon Supported PtRu Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Catalysts

On the Role of Reactant Transport and (Surface) Alloy Formation for the CO Tolerance of Carbon Supported PtRu Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Catalysts

Kinetics of hydrogen underpotential deposition at ruthenium in acidic solutions

Platinum Monolayer Fuel Cell Electrocatalysts

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