Electrocatalytic NAD(P)H regeneration for biosynthesis

Spherical Ni/NiO nanoparticles decorated on nanoporous carbon (NNC) as an active electrode material for urea and water oxidation reactions

“…S7(a)-(d). † It is conrmed that Ni/NiO with NC provides higher active sites than NiO-NPs and NC, 25 which have an important role in UOR at a specic applied potential. Herein, the urea molecules with electron-donating amino groups and electron-withdrawing carbonyl groups can be selectively adsorbed on NNC via.…”

Advanced Electroanalysis for Electrosynthesis

“…The reducing equivalents in this case are electrons, the cheapest redox equivalents, which are provided by an electrode in a continuous process and they can be obtained from green and sustainable energy sources, such as solar, wind, water, and nuclear energy . Electrochemical cofactor regeneration strategies can be roughly divided into two types: direct and indirect electron transfer …”

“…Common 2-electron redox mediators that have been applied for NADH oxidation in electroenzymatic systems are phenanthroline metal complexes, bipyridine complexes, phenazine methosulfate, 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde . The indirect methods involving the use of redox mediators are often combined with enzymatic methods.…”

“…Electrochemistry is an elegant tool for cofactor regeneration via the use of mediating systems . Polymer-bound ferrocene derivatives served as mediators in FAD regeneration for continuous processes with in situ product removal for the oxidation of p -cresol to p -hydroxybenzaldehyde by p -cresol methylenehydroxylase, xylitol to l-xylose by galactose oxidase and electrolysis of l -glycerin-3-phosphate to dihydroxyacetone phosphate by l -glycerin-3-phosphate oxidase …”

“…Clever design of the electrode-chamber structure and the improvement of electrode surface roughness and porosity are pivotal factors to increase the surface area of the electrode. Microfluidic control can be beneficial and solve the challenge …”