Electrochemical adsorption of glucose oxidase onto polypyrrole film for the construction of a glucose biosensor

Criteria for Designing a Polypyrrole Glucose Biosensor by Galvanostatic Electropolymerization

“…It was evident that the immobilized enzymes were uniformly distributed and showed a good exposure on the surface of the polypyrrole film formed from 0.05 M pyrrole, however, the immobilized enzymes were entirely covered by the polypyrrole when the pyrrole concentration was higher than 0.075 M. In electropolymerization, the results indicated that the GOD x /Ppy film was thicker and denser, and the entrapped enzyme was over-covered with the polypyrrole in the presence of higher pyrrole concentration as shown in Figure 4B. The Ppy layer had been proven to act as a serious diffusion barrier against glucose in the report of Cho et al [24]. Thus, both the diffusion rates of glucose to the immobilized GOD x and H 2 O 2 to the platinum electrode were retarded severely by this polypyrrole film.…”

Enzymatic activity of glucose oxidase covalently wired via viologen to electrically conductive polypyrrole films

“…However, the mechanism by which enzyme molecules are trapped within the PPY network is uncertain (Cho et al, 1996), and the efficiency of the current response obtained from such electrodes due to successful reaction glucose with GOD is lower than the expected values (Ramanathan et al, 1996). Among previous studies on the direct electrochemical oxidation of the enzyme by PPY, only very small amounts of mediator species can be efficiently cycled within the film.…”

Polypyrrole nanotube array sensor for enhanced adsorption of glucose oxidase in glucose biosensors

“…Up-to-date several physical adsorption, cross linking and electro polymerization methods have been tried to fulfill this requirement (Cho et al, 1996). Glutaraldehyde is widely used as a cross-linking agent that can prevent leaching out (Gade et al, 2006).…”