Electrochemical and Spectroscopic Studies of Sulfur in Aluminum Chloride‐N‐(n‐Butyl)Pyridinium Chloride

Abstract

The behavior of sulfur in aluminum chloride-N-(n-butyl)p_y_ridinium chloride (A1C13-BPC) was studied using Raman spectroscopy and electrochemical techniques. In basic (BPC-rich) melts, sulfur can be reduced to sulfide, probably in the form of an A1SCl-like species. No oxidation to positive oxidation states of sulfur is observed in basic melts. In acidic (A1C13-rich) melts, sulfur can be oxidized to S(I) and eventually to S(IV), which is only stable in the melt for short periods of time. No reduction to sulfide-like species or formation of low oxidation states is observed in acidic melts.Mixtures of aluminum chloride and N-(n-butyl)pyridinium chloride (BPC) form melts which are liquid at or near room temperature (1, 2). Raman spectroscopic (3) and potentiometric (4) studies indicate that the acid-base properties of this system can be described by the expression K

Using an AlCl3/Urea Ionic Liquid Analog Electrolyte for Improving the Lifetime of Aluminum‐Sulfur Batteries

“…As described in the literature, sulfur species was oxidized from S(I) to S(IV) at a potential range of 2.11-2.28 V (vs. Al) (i. e., voltage of 2.11-2.28 V for an AlÀ S cell). [27] The reduction reaction (from S(IV) to S) was proceeded at 1.89-1.49 V (vs. Al). [27] Then the S could be further reduced to Al 2 S 3 .…”

“…[27] The reduction reaction (from S(IV) to S) was proceeded at 1.89-1.49 V (vs. Al). [27] Then the S could be further reduced to Al 2 S 3 . [22,24] The suggested reactions of the electrodesare shown in Equations (1-3): [22,24,26,27] Anode:…”

“…[27] Then the S could be further reduced to Al 2 S 3 . [22,24] The suggested reactions of the electrodesare shown in Equations (1-3): [22,24,26,27] Anode:…”

Halide‐Free Synthesis of Hydrochalcogenide Ionic Liquids of the Type [Cation][HE] (E=S, Se, Te)

“…Withinh ours, the substance decomposese ven under inert conditions and at low temperatures. In contrast, all hydrosulfide and hydroselenide salts form room-temperature and long-term stable substances.A fter purification and storage at ambient temperature under inert conditions, the imidazolium, pyrrolidinium, and phosphonium hydrosulfides and selenides stayed unchanged over ap eriod of severalm onths.W ith exception of [nBu 3 MeP][HS] (5), which is ah ighly viscous oil, all compounds were isolated as almost colorlesss olids. In most cases, elemental analysisy ielded good to satisfactory results after recrystallization.…”

“…[2] Reports concerningt he general characteristics of sulfur in ionic liquids, whicha re of uttermost importance for the understanding and optimization of lithium sulfur batteries are scarce, though. The electrochemistry of sulfur was investigated in n-butyl-pyridinium tetrachloroaluminate several decades ago [3] and Manan et al more recently reported detailed electrochemical studies of sulfur and sodium polysulfides in 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium dicyanamide. [4] The solubility of chalcogens and phosphorus in av arietyo fi onicl iquids comprising tosylate, bistriflimide, dithiocarbamate, and di-and trithiocarbonatea nions was investigated by Seddon and coworkers.…”