Electrochemical Biosensing Interface Based on Carbon Dots-Fe3O4 Nanomaterial for the Determination of Escherichia coli O157:H7

Abstract

Escherichia coli (E. coli) O157:H7 can cause many food safety incidents, which seriously affect human health and economic development. Therefore, the sensitive, accurate, and rapid determination of E. coli O157:H7 is of great significance for preventing the outbreak and spread of foodborne diseases. In this study, a carbon dots-Fe3O4 nanomaterial (CDs-Fe3O4)-based sensitive electrochemical biosensor for E. coli O157:H7 detection was developed. The CDs have good electrical conductivity, and the surface of carbon dots contains abundant carboxyl groups, which can be used to immobilize probe DNA. Meanwhile, the CDs can be used as a reducing agent to prepare CDs-Fe3O4 nanomaterial. The Fe3O4 nanomaterial can improve the performance of the electrochemical biosensor; it also can realize the recovery of CDs-Fe3O4 due to its magnetism. As expected, the electrochemical biosensor has excellent specificity of E. coli O157:H7 among other bacteria. The electrochemical biosensor also exhibited good performance for detecting E. coli O157:H7 with the detection range of 10–108 CFU/ml, and the detection limit of this electrochemical biosensor was 6.88 CFU/ml (3S/N). Furthermore, this electrochemical biosensor was successfully used for monitoring E. coli O157:H7 in milk and water samples, indicating that this electrochemical biosensor has good application prospect. More importantly, this research can provide a new idea for the detection of other bacteria and viruses.

Recent Progresses in Electrochemical DNA Biosensors for SARS-CoV-2 Detection

“…Electrochemical DNA biosensors for the detection of viruses and bacteria are now widely used due to their advantages of higher sensitivity, less sample size, low cost, simplicity, and portability (Adam et al, 2020;Lin et al, 2021;Huang et al, 2022;Mei et al, 2022). The electrochemical DNA biosensors are based on the single-strand DNA or complementary target DNA fixed on the electrode and the target DNA through the principle of base complementarity, resulting in changes in concentration, energy, and other aspects, and this change can be converted into visual electrical signals through the appropriate conversion elements on the sensor (Huang et al, 2020b;Karimi-Maleh et al, 2021).…”

Potential Environmental and Health Implications from the Scaled-Up Production and Disposal of Nanomaterials Used in Biosensors

“…Our recent literature search on the Web of Science (ClarivateTM) limited to articles published in the past five years, using the keywords “carbon” AND “nano *” AND “biosensor,” returned 5622 articles with 300 to 550 articles published each year. In the past five years, numerous nanocarbon-based biosensors have been developed for the detection of various pathogens [ 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 ] and gasses [ 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 ], as well as in biomedical [ 72 , 73 , 74 , 75 ], food safety [ 76 , 77 , 78 , 79 ], and public and environmental health applications [ 80 , 81 , 82 , 83 ].…”

Recent Advances in Carbon Dots for In Vitro/Vivo Fluorescent Bioimaging: A Mini-Review

“…Since carbon dots (CDs) were synthesized in 2004 ( Xu et al, 2004 ), they have received extensive attention in various fields as a new type of fluorescent probe. Because of their multicolor luminescence ( Kailasa et al, 2019 ; Jiao et al, 2020 ; Ghosh et al, 2021a ; Ghosh et al, 2021b ), tunable optical properties ( Wang et al, 2020a ), superior chemical and photostability ( Wang et al, 2020b ; Rao et al, 2020 ), low cytotoxicity and excellent biocompatibility ( Huang et al, 2020 ; Kuang et al, 2020 ; Lin et al, 2021a ; Lin et al, 2021b ; Mei et al, 2022 ), CDs are promising candidates bioimaging. Due to the easy functionalization and good biocompatibility of the surface of CDs, they can also be used as an effective tool for visual monitoring of biological processes ( Sun et al, 2021 ; Vedhanayagam et al, 2021 ; Huang et al, 2022 ).…”