Electrochemical characterization and structure of tungsten–lead–germanate glasses and glass ceramics

Lead metallic–lead dioxide glasses as alternative of immobilization of the radioactive wastes

“…The additional absorption bands situated in the domain between 350 and 450 nm were attributed to the generation of non-bridging oxygen ion center. Then, a noticeable change appears in the intensity of the UV-VIS bands centered at about 310 nm which corresponds to the Pb +2 ions with s 2 configuration [14,15,25]. For sample with x = 10 mol% Gd 2 O 3 , the number of [PbO 6 ] structural units and the number of non-bridging oxygen ion center attain maximum values, in agreement with FTIR and UV-VIS data, respectively.…”

“…5. The adding of the Gd 2 O 3 up to x = 10 mol% in the glassy matrix network produces a weak reversibility of the voltammograms in their electrochemical analysis [14,15] and the intensity of the anodic and cathodic peaks was diminished. With the increase of Gd 2 O 3 content of up to 15 mol%, the following mechanism at electrodes can be expressed as: By this mechanism it can be concluded that the addition of Gd 2 O 3 to the 4PbO 2 ·Pb glassy electrode implies the formation of PbO which slows down the electrochemical performances of the electrode.…”

“…On the other hand, lead plays a very important role in glasses due to its ability to form both covalent and ionic bonds with oxygen ions from the host matrix [11][12][13][14][15].…”

Compositional dependence of structure, optical and electrochemical properties of antimony(III) oxide doped lead glasses and vitroceramics

“…side indicating the increase in concentration of the nonbridging oxygen ions [23][24][25][26]. The enhancement of the number of non-bridging oxygen ions results in the shifting of the valence band maximum to higher energies and reduction of band gap, in agreement with the optical gap energy data.…”

Role of vanadium ions on structural, optical and electrochemical properties of the vanadate-lead glasses

“…Today, redox equilibrium is predominantly studied by electrochemical methods, especially the cyclic voltammetry measurements [40,41]. Fig.…”