Electrochemical dating of archaeological gold based on repetitive voltammetry monitoring of silver/copper in depth concentration gradients

Doménech‐Carbó, Antonio; Scholz, Fritz; Brauns, Michael; Tiley-Nel, Sian; Bennekom, Joosje van; Bork, Ellen van; Barrio, J.; Martínez-Caballero, Santiago; Oliver, Arturo; Arzo, Gustau Aguilella; Martínez, Betlem; Doménech‐Carbó, María Teresa

doi:10.1016/j.microc.2023.108661

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…[ 20 , 21 , 22 ] In the last decade, we have explored the application of the VIMP for dating metals, including lead, [23] leaded bronze, [24] and gold. [ 25 , 26 , 27 ] In particular, we proposed a method for dating [28] and tracing provenance [29] of copper and bronze objects based on the voltammetric estimation of the tenorite/cuprite ratio in the patina of the artifacts. This method gives satisfactory results for series of objects with homogeneous composition and a fairly similar and smooth ‘corrosion history’, but the data scatter increases significantly when these conditions are not met.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The basic idea is that, since the composition of the metal patina is depth‐dependent, the application of successive reductive potential inputs will cause the progressive delamination of the sheets thus providing information about deeper regions of the patina. [ 27 , 30 , 31 , 32 ] It is then hypothesized that the gradient of the tenorite/cuprite ratio (accessible by multiple‐scan voltammetry) rather than its ‘absolute’ value in the external patina (determined by single‐scan voltammetry), can be taken as an age marker suitable for constructing a calibration curve. Data from a series of 107 copper/bronze objects from the Bronze Age onwards, mainly recovered from sites in central Europe, are presented from different Austrian museums, such as the MAMUZ (Asparn an der Zaya), the University of Innsbruck (Innsbruck), as well as the Natural History and the Art History Museum (Vienna), previously studied by conventional techniques.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrochemical Approximation to Bronze Age Chronology via Multiple Scan Voltammetry

Doménech‐Carbó,

Mödlinger,

Osete‐Cortina

et al. 2023

ChemElectroChem

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Insert A multiple‐scan voltammetry strategy is described and applied to a set of 107 Bronze Age and later copper/bronze objects, mainly from sites in Central Europe. This methodology allows the study of the compositional and textural properties (compactness, crystallinity, degree of hydration) of the patina to be studied from the accumulated peak current values for the characteristic signals corresponding to the reduction of cuprite and tenorite to metallic copper. A new model for the relationship between peak current and the depth reached in successive scans is presented and used to discriminate samples of different provenance and manufacturing technique, as well as their ascription to different Bronze Age periods

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Approximation to Bronze Age Chronology via Multiple Scan Voltammetry

Doménech‐Carbó,

Mödlinger,

Osete‐Cortina

et al. 2023

ChemElectroChem

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“…d) Unfortunately, this distinction cannot be discerned from photographs alone, but it has been described by several crown observers [12]. Surprisingly, no composition analysis has been conducted on the Holy Crown, despite the availability of non-destructive or minimally invasive methods [13].…”

Section: Observed Differences Between Hoop and Cross-strapmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the Holy Crown as a Metal Structure

Barabássy

2024

Period. Polytech. Mech. Eng.

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The article analyses the crown of Hungarian kings, a crown of sacral importance, as an engineered metal structure resulting from a technological process. Its composition revolves around two primary components: the cross-strap and the hoop. The cross-strap consists of the actual cross-strap stems and the cross. As for the hoop crown, it comprises the hoop, the diadem (a pediment), and the pendants. The assembly sequence of these parts and sub-parts are described, how the hoop and the cross-strap were aligned and how the sub-parts—the diadem, pendants, and various decorative elements—were assembled and aligned with the primary components. A 3D fully parametric CAD model was used for the analysis. Results show that the eightfold division of the hoop is accurate and that the cross-straps are made with a small degree of inaccuracy, suggesting that they were developed independently. Alignment of the hoop was achieved by asymmetrical cutting, to align with the centerline of the back cross strap stem. The diadem, pendants, and other decorative elements, although fixed to the hoop in a coherent manner, are aligned with the cross-strap. Consequently, the cross-strap emerges as the defining element of the unified Holy Crown, around which all other components are harmoniously aligned.

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Electrochemical Metal Dating

Doménech‐Carbó

2023

Monographs in Electrochemistry

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Electrochemical dating of archaeological gold based on repetitive voltammetry monitoring of silver/copper in depth concentration gradients

Cited by 3 publications

References 56 publications

Electrochemical Approximation to Bronze Age Chronology via Multiple Scan Voltammetry

Electrochemical Approximation to Bronze Age Chronology via Multiple Scan Voltammetry

Investigation of the Holy Crown as a Metal Structure

Electrochemical Metal Dating

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