Electrochemical degradation of methylisothiazolinone by using Ti/SnO2-Sb2O3/α, β-PbO2 electrode: Kinetics, energy efficiency, oxidation mechanism and degradation pathway

Wang, Yingcai; Chen, Min; Wang, Can; Meng, Xiaoguang; Zhang, Weiqiu; Chen, Zefang; Crittenden, John C.

doi:10.1016/j.cej.2019.05.217

Cited by 151 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…However, more pores appeared in the β ‐PbO 2 film after electrolysis, which is probably due to the porosity of the newly formed β ‐PbO 2 . Similar results were also observed in the previous work . In general, the crystal phase of α ‐PbO 2 is formed by a direct deposition process, whereas the crystal phase of β ‐PbO 2 is produced by a dissolution/precipitation mechanism .…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

“…In general, the crystal phase of α ‐PbO 2 is formed by a direct deposition process, whereas the crystal phase of β ‐PbO 2 is produced by a dissolution/precipitation mechanism . Thus, the deposition of PbO 2 emerges with nucleation and the growth of the nucleus occurs in preferential directions, making the crystal phase with better electrocatalytic effects . In addition, the higher current density may lead to an increase of β ‐PbO 2 phase with higher activity .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Selective Production of 1,3‐Diethylbenzene by Electrocatalytic Hydrocracking of Bamboo Lignin in Alkaline Solution

Shen

Lü

et al. 2019

ChemistrySelect

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This study proposed a novel procedure for the selective production of 1,3-diethylbenzene (m-DEB) by the electrocatalytic hydrocracking of bamboo lignin in alkaline solution. The electrocatalytic reaction was carried out in the fixed bed threedimensional electrode reactor, which consisted of Ti/SnO 2 -Sb 2 O 3 /α-PbO 2 /β-PbO 2 anode, copper mesh cathode, and ceramic particles that filled between the anode and cathode. Under the optimal conditions of 50 g/L lignin in NaOH solution (0.5 mol/L), a current density of 25 mA/cm 2 , a temperature of 25°C, and reaction time of 10 h, bamboo lignin was completely decomposed and an accumulated total yield of 35.7 g/L was obtained. Furthermore, the accumulated yield of m-DEB reached a maximum of 0.361 g/g-lignin by using a lignin concentration of 30 g/L. In addition, the formation of m-DEB was a zero-order kinetic reaction.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective Production of 1,3‐Diethylbenzene by Electrocatalytic Hydrocracking of Bamboo Lignin in Alkaline Solution

Shen

Lü

et al. 2019

ChemistrySelect

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“…The isothiazolinones most commonly found in commercial applications, alone or in combination, are methylisothiazolinone (MI), methylchloroisothiazolinone (MCI), benzisothiazolinone (BIT), octylisothiazolione (OIT), and dichlorocthylisothiazolinone (DCOIT) ( Figure 1). Methylisothiazolinone is commonly used in wastewater treatment processes [4], cosmetics, paints, and detergents [5], and in combination with MCI (in proportions of 3:1) as an active ingredient of the commercial biocide, Kathon [6]. Although BIT and OIT are forbidden to be used in cosmetics [7], they are usually applied in cleaning and leather products, respectively [5], and as antifouling coating agents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Labeling is legally required;2 No labeling required;3 From April 2016 onwards: forbidden in leave-on cosmetics;4 Banned from leave-on cosmetics since January 2017; 5 Exceptionally (illegally) presented in cosmetic in the EU market, allowed in cosmetic in the USS and Canada; 6 Exceptionally (illegally) presented in cosmetic in the EU market; 7 Exceptionally (illegally) presented in cosmetic in the EU market.…”

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confidence: 99%

Isothiazolinone Biocides: Chemistry, Biological, and Toxicity Profiles

et al. 2020

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The importance of isothiazole and of compounds containing the isothiazole nucleus has been growing over the last few years. Isothiazolinones are used in cosmetic and as chemical additives for occupational and industrial usage due to their bacteriostatic and fungiostatic activity. Despite their effectiveness as biocides, isothiazolinones are strong sensitizers, producing skin irritations and allergies and may pose ecotoxicological hazards. Therefore, their use is restricted by EU legislation. Considering the relevance and importance of isothiazolinone biocides, the present review describes the state-of-the-art knowledge regarding their synthesis, antibacterial components, toxicity (including structure–activity–toxicity relationships) outlines, and (photo)chemical stability. Due to the increasing prevalence and impact of isothiazolinones in consumer’s health, analytical methods for the identification and determination of this type of biocides were also discussed.

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“…where C (J/g/K) is the specific heat capacity of media, m (g) is the mass of medium, and T (K) is the absolute temperature. The energy utilized for bacteria inactivation (E 3 ) can be deduced as follows (Wang, Chen et al, 2019;Wang, Lu, et al, 2019).…”

Section: Energy Calculationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Airborne disinfection using microwave-based technology: Energy efficient and distinct inactivation mechanism compared with waterborne disinfection

Wang

Zhang

2019

Journal of Aerosol Science

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A B S T R A C TMicrowave has been extensively applied to inactivate microorganisms in liquids, food, and surfaces. However, energy efficiency is a limiting factor for the environmental application. The utilization pathway and energy efficiency of the microwave in different media have not been investigated. In this study, the inactivation performance, energy utilization, and bactericidal mechanisms for microwave-irradiated airborne and waterborne Escherichia coli were compared. A Beer-Lambert law-based model was also developed and validated to compare the inactivation performance in different phases. Microwave had greater inactivation effect on airborne bacteria than waterborne bacteria. The inactivation rate constant for airborne E. coli (0.29 s −1 ) was nearly 20 times higher than that of waterborne species (0.014 s −1 ). Most of the absorbed microwave energy (92.3%) was converted to increase water temperature instead of inactivating the waterborne bacteria, because the microwave photons were easily absorbed by water molecules. By contrast, 45.4% of the absorbed energy could disinfect the airborne bacteria. Finally, the required energies for 1-log inactivation were calculated as 2.3 J and 116.9 J per log-inactivation for airborne and waterborne E. coli, respectively. The airborne and waterborne E. coli samples showed distinct microwave inactivation mechanisms. Waterborne E. coli disinfection was primarily due to thermal effect, while the non-thermal effect was the major mechanism for airborne E. coli inactivation.

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Electrochemical degradation of methylisothiazolinone by using Ti/SnO2-Sb2O3/α, β-PbO2 electrode: Kinetics, energy efficiency, oxidation mechanism and degradation pathway

Cited by 151 publications

References 45 publications

Selective Production of 1,3‐Diethylbenzene by Electrocatalytic Hydrocracking of Bamboo Lignin in Alkaline Solution

Selective Production of 1,3‐Diethylbenzene by Electrocatalytic Hydrocracking of Bamboo Lignin in Alkaline Solution

Isothiazolinone Biocides: Chemistry, Biological, and Toxicity Profiles

Airborne disinfection using microwave-based technology: Energy efficient and distinct inactivation mechanism compared with waterborne disinfection

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