Electrochemical degradation of the Acid Orange 10 dye on a Ti/PbO2 anode assessed by response surface methodology

Abstract

The decolorization and degradation of the synthetic aqueous solution of the Acid Orange 10 (AO10) dye on Ti/PbO 2 anode were investigated using the response surface methodology based on central composite design with three variables: current density, pH, and supporting electrolyte concentration. The Ti/PbO 2 electrode was prepared by the electrochemical deposition method. The optimum conditions for AO10 decolorization in synthetic dye solution were electrolyte concentration of 117.04 mM, pH of 12.05, and current density of 73.64 mA cm −2 . The results indicated that the most effective factor for AO10 degradation was current density. Furthermore, the color removal efficiency significantly increased with increasing current density. To measure AO10 mineralization under optimum conditions, the chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total organic carbon (TOC) removal were evaluated. Under these conditions, decolorization was completed and 63% removal was recorded for COD and 60% for TOC after 100 min of electrolysis.

Optimization of the 3D electro‐Fenton process in removal of acid orange 10 from aqueous solutions by response surface methodology

“…Then, the Ti, as anode, and the stainless steel, as cathode, were placed in electrochemical solutions containing 12% lead nitrate, 5% triton X‐100 and 3% copper (II) sulfate pentahydrate. Finally, electrodeposition of PbO 2 on Ti was performed at current density 20 mA cm −2 , electrolysis time 60 min and temperature 80 °C …”

“…38 However, when the current density increased to 25 mA cm −2 , AO10 removal efficiency decreased. This may be due to the formation of a parasitic electrochemical reaction such as reducing oxygen to water instead of H 2 O 2 on graphite [Eqn (6)] and oxidizing the water to oxygen instead of •OH on Ti/PbO 2 [Eqn (7)]. 39 electro-Fenton process combined with Kaolin/Fe-Cu.…”

“…Conventional methods for treating dye‐containing solutions include adsorption, coagulation, reverse osmosis and advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) . Among these techniques, AOPs have recently been considered as a promising method due to high efficiency, nontoxicity and relatively low cost.…”

“…Conventional methods for treating dye-containing solutions include adsorption, coagulation, reverse osmosis and advanced oxidation processes (AOPs). 6,7 Among these techniques, AOPs have recently been considered as a promising method due to high efficiency, nontoxicity and relatively low cost. In this process, in situ generation of reactive oxygen species (ROSs) such as hydroxyl (•OH) and sulfate radicals, O 3 , H 2 O 2 and superoxide anion radicals (O2 • -) provide complete degradation pathways of pollutants to inorganic ions, H 2 O and CO 2 .…”

Efficient rhodamine B degradation using electro‐fenton process with PbO2‐coated titanium as the anode

“…Such morphology suggested that the Ti substrate was completely coated by PbO 2 . Therefore, the RhB was degraded only by PbO 2 [31,39]. Compared with PbO 2 -Ti, there were more defects and cracks on the surface of SnO 2 /Sb-Ti (see Figure 1d).…”