Electrochemical deposition and studies on CdCr2S4 thin films

Electrodeposited NiX2 (X= S, Se) thin films for solar cell applications

“…6 All the three electrodes kept as close to each other with the optimum distance of 1 cm for uniform deposition. 20 Film thickness of NiX 2 (X=S, Se) was determined by gravimetric weight difference method using sensitive microbalance and assuming film density as close to the bulk density of the compounds. 20 X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning election microscopy (SEM) analysis were carried out in PANalytical ZPERT PROMPD PW 3040/60 diffractometer (for 2θ range from 20 to 70° with CuKα radiation) and SEM ZEIZZ EVO 50 scanning microscope, respectively and its composition analysis with energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis.…”

“…20 Film thickness of NiX 2 (X=S, Se) was determined by gravimetric weight difference method using sensitive microbalance and assuming film density as close to the bulk density of the compounds. 20 X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning election microscopy (SEM) analysis were carried out in PANalytical ZPERT PROMPD PW 3040/60 diffractometer (for 2θ range from 20 to 70° with CuKα radiation) and SEM ZEIZZ EVO 50 scanning microscope, respectively and its composition analysis with energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis. Optical properties for determination of energy band gap of the films and semiconductor properties of the films studied using UV-Vis spectrophotometer and Mott-Schottky plot analysis, respectively.…”

“…The sharp and more intense diffraction peaks of these films reveals the formation of films with improved crystallinity. 20 It is important to remark that, enhancement of film crystallinity achieved due to increase of film thickness and strain decrease along with increase in grain size from the polycrystalline nature of films. 32 As mentioned earlier, deposition time has influence on NiX 2 (X= S, Se) thin film growth since structure and grain growth of the film is mainly dependent on reaction (deposition) kinetics.…”

Influence of solution pH in electrodeposited iron diselenide thin films

“…It is also observed that there is no change in crystal structure, but there is change in preferential orientation from (1 1 1) to (1 2 0) plane and increase in value of crystallinity is observed for films prepared at various solution pH values. Similar behaviour is exhibited for CdCr 2 S 4 thin films has been reported earlier [21]. The effect of deposition parameters (such as solution pH, bath temperature, deposition potential) on orientation of polycrystalline thin films are determined by evaluating the texture coefficient of the (h k l) plane using the following Eq.…”

Fabrication and characteristics study of ITO/DBSA/PSS/PPY/Al SCHOTTKY junction diode

“…The optical band gap energy (E g ) was calculated from transmission spectra. The relationship of (αhν) 2 with photon energy (hν) is as follows [14]: 3000 rpm, respectively. It was observed that spin rates affect the E g of the DBSA/PSS/PPY composite thin films.…”