Electrochemical detection of Cu(I) and Cu(II) in styrene media

Wael, Karolien De; Westbroek, Philippe; Strycker, Joost De; Gasana, Emmanuel; Temmerman, E.

doi:10.1016/j.microc.2004.01.002

Cited by 12 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Reduction peaks around À 0.9 and À 1.1 V (vs. SCE) correspond to ring reduction of Co(II)TSPc at Co(II)TSPc modified gold surfaces as confirmed by literature results [26].…”

Section: Electrodeposition Of the Catalystssupporting

confidence: 87%

“…A hypothesis for the electrodeposition of Co(II)TSPc at gold electrode surfaces has been formulated [26] based on electrochemical observations by correlating the evolution in time of the different peaks observed as a function of scan number and Co(II)TSPc concentration in solution. Peaks due to Co(III)/Co(II) and Co(II)/Co(I) redox systems were indentified and ring oxidation/reduction peaks were observed.…”

Section: Electrodeposition Of the Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrocatalytic Oxidation of Dithionite at a Cobalt(II)tetrasulfonated Phthalocyanine and 5,10,15,20‐Tetrakis‐(4‐sulfonatophenyl)porphyrin Cobalt(II) Modified Gold Electrode in Alkaline Solution

2005

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In this paper it is shown that the charge transfer kinetics of the oxidation of sodium dithionite at a gold electrode in alkaline solution can be increased by modifying this electrode with cobalt(II)tetrasulfonated phthalocyanine, sodium salt (CoTSPc) or 5,10,15,20-tetrakis-(4-sulfonatophenyl)porphyrin cobalt(II), tetrasodium salt (CoTSPor). Electrodeposition of these catalysts is discussed as well as the oxidation of sodium dithionite at these immobilized catalysts. Despite an observed acceleration in the charge transfer kinetics, sodium dithionite is still oxidized irreversibly. However, the improvement in kinetics has beneficial consequences in the field of electroanalysis of sodium dithionite. Comparison of the oxidation at bare gold and modified gold electrodes showed that with improved charge transfer kinetics at the modified electrodes a higher sensitivity and selectivity and a much lower detection limit is obtained.

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“…Reduction peaks around À 0.9 and À 1.1 V (vs. SCE) correspond to ring reduction of Co(II)TSPc at Co(II)TSPc modified gold surfaces as confirmed by literature results [26].…”

Section: Electrodeposition Of the Catalystssupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Electrodeposition Of the Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrocatalytic Oxidation of Dithionite at a Cobalt(II)tetrasulfonated Phthalocyanine and 5,10,15,20‐Tetrakis‐(4‐sulfonatophenyl)porphyrin Cobalt(II) Modified Gold Electrode in Alkaline Solution

2005

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“…11,[13][14][15] In addition currents due to a redox couple around Ϫ0.3 V vs. SCE are observed, which can be attributed to dissolved Cu͑II͒/Cu͑I͒TSPc. [16][17][18][19][20] The fact that oxidation and reduction signals show a different peak potential but identical half-wave potentials, indicates that these reactions belong to a reversible redox couple. However, for such a system transport is the rate determining step at all applied potentials and therefore the peak attributed to Cu͑II͒ reduction and Cu͑I͒ oxidation should reach its maximum value right from the first scan.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Gold Adatoms in the Stability and Electrochemical Behavior of Gold Surfaces Modified with Phthalocyanines

Wael

Westbroek

Adriaens

et al. 2005

Electrochem. Solid-State Lett.

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This paper describes the role of adatoms in the electrochemical behavior of gold electrodes modified with metal ion tetrasulphonated phthalocyanines ͑MTSPc͒. After electrodeposition of MTSPc ͑M = Cu͑II͒, Fe͑III͒, Co͑II͒, and Al͑III͒͒ the long-term stability of the modified electrodes was investigated. It took about 1000 scans before the electrode showed a constant behavior. During the scanning the MTSPc adsorption peak potentials shifted from their initial value to a value of Ϫ0.36 V vs. SCE, which is related to the redox reactions of the gold adatoms. After a long scanning procedure, the amount of these adatoms increases and controls the redox reactions of the deposited MTSPc.Since their discovery in 1934 by Linstead, 1 phthalocyanines and their derivatives have been widely used as dyestuffs and colors. Now they are also commonly used in high-technology applications, such as photovoltaics, electronics, and sensing devices. 2-6 The major characteristics of phthalocyanines, which also can be used in electrocatalysis, 7,8 are their thermal and chemical stability and their extensive redox chemistry.Transition metal phthalocyanines have attracted wide research interest, including that of electrochemists. The aromatic ring structure can be electrochemically oxidized or reduced. More than 70 different metal ions can form a complex by coordinating with the phthalocyanine ring. 2 When the central metal is a transition metal, its ion can also be oxidized or reduced.The immobilization of these compounds on an electrode surface can lead to modified electrodes with electrocatalytic properties. Electrodeposition is the method used in this study to produce these electrodes. This technique enables one to control and characterize the formed layer very well by following the current as a function of potential during the process.This paper describes the electrodeposition of Cu͑II͒TSPc onto a gold electrode in alkaline solution. Figure 1 shows the molecular structure of Cu͑II͒TSPc. The stability of the modified electrode was monitored by scanning the potential of the electrode over a much longer period in a buffer solution. The role of gold adatoms in the stability of these electrodes is the subject of this article.Adatoms are so-called active ͑or low lattice coordination state͒ surface metal atoms. 9,10 It has been pointed out that some metals, e.g., gold, 11 undergo a premonolayer oxidation in which these adatoms are oxidized at potentials well below the potential required for regular monolayer oxide formation. Adatoms undergo oxidation to yield low-coverage hydrous oxide species that can mediate oxidation and inhibit reduction processes at the electrode surface. 12 These active gold atoms can play an important role in electrocatalytic reactions. [11][12][13] Experimental A saturated calomel reference electrode ͑SCE͒ with two compartments from Radiometer and a carbon counter electrode were used. The working electrodes were gold electrodes from BAS ͑1.6 mm diam͒ and were pretreated by mechanical and electrochemical polishing. Befor...

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Designing a Simple Quinoline‐Based Chromo‐Fluorogenic Receptor for Highly Specific Quantification of Copper (II) Ions: Environmental and Bioimaging Applications

Durgaparameshwari,

Kaviya,

Prabakaran

et al. 2024

Luminescence

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Many industries use copper metal ions (Cu2+ ions), and their salts are utilized as supplemental materials in both agriculture and medicine. Identifying and monitoring these Cu2+ ions in biological and environmental specimens is crucial due to their association with several health issues. In this investigation, we have designed a simple quinoline‐based receptor (E)‐3‐(((2,4‐di‐tert‐butyl‐5‐hydroxyphenyl)imino)methyl)‐6‐methoxyquinolin‐2(1H)‐one (QAP) containing imine functional groups to inspect its capability to identify metal ions in a semi‐aqueous medium. The photophysical characteristics and structural confirmation of the receptor QAP were investigated using various spectroscopic techniques. Among various metal ions, the receptor QAP displayed an intense color shift from slightly yellow to strong yellow in the existence of Cu2+ ions, as visualized by the nude eye. Furthermore, the fluorescence spectral maximum wavelength at 485 nm and the strong cyan fluorescence color were quenched upon introducing Cu2+ ions. The alteration in the spectral and colorimetric features of QAP with Cu2+ ions is due to coordination complex formation. The present sensor shows the linear range from 3 to 69 μM, subsequent in a computed limit of detection as 3.16 nM, which is much lower than that of the maximum threshold of Cu2+ ions in drinking water set by WHO. Therefore, the receptor can respond to Cu2+ ions sensing in two ways: by changing color and by quenching fluorescence. The binding mode of the Cu2+ ions to the functional groups of the receptor QAP is a 1:1 stoichiometry, according to ESI‐mass, Job's plot analysis, and density functional theory (DFT) computations. The practical utility of the fluorescent receptor QAP was applied for Cu2+ ions determination in environmental samples (drinking, tap, and dam water) and cancer cells (HeLa cells).

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Electrochemical detection of Cu(I) and Cu(II) in styrene media

Cited by 12 publications

References 17 publications

Electrocatalytic Oxidation of Dithionite at a Cobalt(II)tetrasulfonated Phthalocyanine and 5,10,15,20‐Tetrakis‐(4‐sulfonatophenyl)porphyrin Cobalt(II) Modified Gold Electrode in Alkaline Solution

Electrocatalytic Oxidation of Dithionite at a Cobalt(II)tetrasulfonated Phthalocyanine and 5,10,15,20‐Tetrakis‐(4‐sulfonatophenyl)porphyrin Cobalt(II) Modified Gold Electrode in Alkaline Solution

Role of Gold Adatoms in the Stability and Electrochemical Behavior of Gold Surfaces Modified with Phthalocyanines

Designing a Simple Quinoline‐Based Chromo‐Fluorogenic Receptor for Highly Specific Quantification of Copper (II) Ions: Environmental and Bioimaging Applications

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