“…This indicates that the electrokinetic potential because of the presence of SDBS did not affect aggregation. However, SDBS is a polymer molecule with a hydrophobic alkyl chain that attaches to the particle surface and a hydrophilic sulfonic group trailing in the medium (i.e., water), which alters the particle/solution interface properties (Dar, Brahman, Tiwari, & Pitre, 2012;Gao et al, 2013). As discussed above, the particles can disperse at an appropriate amount of SDBS (i.e., 0.5 or 1.0 wt%), and transition from a stable suspension to an unstable suspension occurs in the case of a high content of SDBS (i.e., 3.0 wt%), probably because of polymer bridging caused by the high number of polymer chains trailing in water.…”