Electrochemical Determination of Levofloxacin Using Poly(Pyrogallol Red) Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode

Abstract

In this paper, an electrochemical sensor for levofloxacin detection was developed by electrochemical polymerization of pyrogallol red (PGR) on the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) surfaces. Surface morphology and electrical properties of the Poly(PGR)/GCE obtained was characterized by SEM and EIS techniques. Voltammetric behaviour of the levofloxacin was found pH dependent, and the best response was obtained at pH 6.0 PBS. By monitoring the peak current at around 0.9 V, a wide linear range of calibration graph: from 0.2 μM-15 μM LEV and 15 μM-355 μM for levofloxacin, and very low detection limit of 97 nM were achieved with amperometry. Selectivity of the method developed was proven in the presence of possible interfering substances and the method was successfully employed for levofloxacin detection in pharmaceutical tablet and synthetic urine sample.

Lamellar α-Zirconium Phosphate Nanoparticles Supported on N-Doped Graphene Nanosheets as Electrocatalysts for the Detection of Levofloxacin

“…Therefore, electrochemical methods, such as voltammetry, have been adopted for the trace detection of fluoroquinolone antibiotics. – However, the bare electrodes usually suffer from a poor sensitivity toward LEV due to the sluggish electron-transfer process . To address this issue, electrocatalysts based on noble metal nanoparticles (NPs), – conducting polymers, – metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), , graphene, and graphene derivatives – have been used to modify glassy carbon electrodes (GCEs) to promote electron transfer and enhance the sensitivity. However, noble metal NPs are expensive and tend to oxidize and aggregate at room temperature.…”

Construction of Nickel Tungsten Oxide Anchored Carbon Nanofibers Modified with Glassy Carbon Electrode for Enhanced Electrochemical Detection of Metronidazole in Urine and Environmental Water Sample

“…The synthesis techniques employed according to recent literature, include hydrothermal, coprecipitation, solvothermal, solid-state synthesis, and pulsed laser deposition, respectively. 33 We utilized a simple technology called the hydrothermal method to generate innovative nanomaterials that may be employed at particular temperatures to alleviate the issues like removal of impurities in the formation of binary metal oxides. 34 Hence, low-cost, environmentally beneficial, and straightforward technique to eliminate the hazardous compounds found in water supplies.…”

Highly sensitive and selective electrochemical detection of caffeine, theophylline and guaiacol in green tea, green coffee, coffee, and tea extracts using a SnS2 nanoflake-modified electrode

“…22 The electrochemical determination of levofloxacin using a poly(pyrogallol red)-modified GCE was reported. 23 In one study, a nanocomposite created by ultrafine Bi–Sn nanoparticle-decorated carbon aerogels was used for the electrochemical detection of dopamine and clozapine from the serum of rat brain region. 24 A ZnO nanorod reduced graphene oxide nanocatalyst was synthesized and a modified GCE was prepared.…”