Electrochemical Determination of Phenylethanolamine A Based on Nafion/MWCNTs/AuNPs Modified Carbon Electrode

Abstract

Phenylethanolamine A (PEA), a β-agonist, was found to be illegally used as a growth promoter in pigs last year, causing Chinese government's great attention. Here, a sensitive electrochemical method was developed for detecting PEA by immobilization of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and Nafion on the surface of a glassy carbon electrode (GCE). The Nafion/MWCNTs/AuNPs film was characterized by scanning electronic micrographs (SEM) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The electrochemical behaviors of PEA at the modified GCE were investigated in detail. The synergetic effects of AuNPs, MWCNTs and Nafion amplify the electrochemical reduction signal of PEA, and result in high sensitivity for PEA determination. Under the optimal conditions, the electrochemical sensor shows a wide linear range of 0.01 to 10 μmol/L with a detection limit of 0.005 μmol/L. Moreover, the fabricated sensor presents high selectivity and long-term stability, which paves a new way for simple, rapid, sensitive detection of PEA.

A quantum dot based electrochemiluminescent immunosensor for the detection of pg level phenylethanolamine A using gold nanoparticles as substrates and electron transfer accelerators

“…In the linear equation, I 0 stands for the ECL intensity for 0 ng mL À1 PA, while I stands for the ECL intensity of different concentrations of PA. Compared to the previous literature for detecting PA, [14][15][16][17] this study has a wider linear range and a lower LOD, suggesting that this immunosensor displays a more simple and convenient prospect of application.…”

“…12,13 To the best of our knowledge, few analytical methods have been reported to monitor PA except three studies with LC-MS/MS, 14 ELISA, 15 immunoaffinity chromatography columns 16 and electrochemical methods. 17 In 2010, the Ministry of Agriculture of China issued a standard for the detection of PA in feed using high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). 5 Chromatographic tandem mass spectrometry methods are frequently applied in conrmation with preciseness.…”

An electrochemical sensor for the sensitive determination of phenylethanolamine A based on a novel composite of reduced graphene oxide and poly(ionic liquid)

“…As shown in Table 1, the results of RGO-PIL sensor were compared with that of other published methods detecting b-agonists. [47][48][49][50][51][52][53] The results demonstrated wide linear range and low LOD of the prepared RGO-PIL sensor for PEA.…”

Development of a highly sensitive and specific monoclonal antibody based enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of a new β‐agonist, phenylethanolamine A, in food samples

“…Immunoassays are analytical methods which are based on the specific interaction between an antibody and corresponding antigen. Other techniques including electrochemical sensors, electrochemiluminescence immunosensors, immunochromatographic assay (ICA) and surface‐enhanced Raman scattering based immunochromatographic assay (SERS‐ICA) were also developed for the detection of PA, but these methods exhibited the disadvantages of time‐consuming performance or low sensitivity and could not meet the requirements of rapid, on‐site and high throughput detection. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop high sensitive and specific, low‐cost, rapid, on‐site and high throughput analytical method for the detection of PA.…”