Due to its p-type conductivity, CuAlO 2 has been widely studied. However, the conductivity of p-type CuAlO 2 is much lower than that of n-type, which limits its applications. We used the generalized gradient approximation and hybrid functional B3LYP to study the effects of chalcogen substitution on the electronic properties and chemical bondings of delafossite CuAlO 2 . The calculated results show that the doping of chalcogen (S, Se, and Te) substituting for O is thermodynami-cally stable. The calculated volumes, bandgaps, and valenceband widths of dopants have been detailedly discussed, indicating that the volumes and valence-band widths are increased, but the bandgaps are decreased. The density of states and charge-density distribution ranges have been analyzed, suggesting that chalcogen substitution is a good way to design new p-type Cu-based TCOs.