“…However, it is also well-known that platinum surfaces are particularly sensitive to poisoning with chemisorbed intermediates (Bae et al, 1990;Bae et al, 1991). To solve this problem, different heavy atoms (Tl, Pb, Bi and W) have been used as adatoms to modify platinum surfaces to raise electrochemical activity of platinum (Park et al, 2006). Other studies relate glucose oxidation on platinum alloys in which the second metal can be Rh, Pd, Au, Pb (Sun et al, 2001), Bi, Ru and Sn (Becerik & Kadirgan, 2001).…”