Electrochemical oxidation of acetaminophen in aqueous solutions: Kinetic evaluation of hydrolysis, hydroxylation and dimerization processes

Nematollahi, Davood; Shayani‐Jam, Hassan; Alimoradi, Mohammad; Niroomand, Sona

doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2009.07.077

Cited by 265 publications

(188 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Figure 3 shows that the magnitude of percentage removal of COD increased significantly with the increase in solution pH of catechol containing RO concentrate solution from acidic to alkaline condition. There was an increase in removal of COD with the increase in pH from 2.0 to 8.0, and thereafter, for increase in pH up to 10.0, the removal rate remains constant (Nematollahi et al 2009;Hadi et al 2013;Roya and Davood 2011). The electrochemical oxidation was found to be highly significant at neutral pH range.…”

Section: Effect Of Ph On Electrochemical Oxidation Of Catecholmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced oxidation of catechol in reverse osmosis concentrate generated in leather wastewater by Cu–graphite electrode

Maharaja

Boopathy

Karthikeyan

et al. 2016

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Reverse osmosis (RO) concentrate generated from tannery was treated by advanced electrochemical oxidation using graphite electrodes. Catechol was selected as model organic pollutant in the RO concentrate. The influence of applied current density, catechol concentration, pH, temperature and inner electrode space of electrodes was investigated in electrochemical oxidation system. The optimized conditions were found to be current density (j), 100 mA/cm 2 ; electrolysis time (t eco ), 60 min; pH, 7.0; and temperature, 25°C at an inner electrode space, 2 cm. The average mass transport coefficient for the removal of catechol as COD was found to be 3.0 9 10 -5 m/s at optimum conditions. Faradic efficiency and specific energy consumption were also calculated for the applied current density. Further, the treatment of catechol was confirmed through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Theoretical evaluation of current density suggested that the removal of catechol was controlled when supplied at above limiting applied current densities and mass transport controlled at lower of limiting current densities.

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Section: Effect Of Ph On Electrochemical Oxidation Of Catecholmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced oxidation of catechol in reverse osmosis concentrate generated in leather wastewater by Cu–graphite electrode

Maharaja

Boopathy

Karthikeyan

et al. 2016

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…Several studies have been conducted to find an effective method of acetaminophen degradation in aqueous solutions. Among then can be mentioned chemical [7,8], electrochemical [9][10][11], sonolysis [12], Fenton [13], photo-Fenton [14][15][16][17][18], solar/TiO 2 and solar/photo-Fenton [19], solar-photoelectro-Fenton [20], ozonation and H 2 O 2 /UV oxidation [21], ozonation catalyzed with photo-Fenton [18], TiO 2 photocatalysis [22][23][24][25], and electrocatalysis [26]. In these studies, partial degradation of acetaminophen was achieved, from 14% [15] to 88% [13], rather than a total mineralization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Degradation of Acetaminophen and Its Transformation Products in Aqueous Solutions by Using an Electrochemical Oxidation Cell with Stainless Steel Electrodes

Zavala

Estrada

2016

Water

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Abstract:In this study, a novel electrochemical oxidation cell using stainless steel electrodes was found to be effective in oxidizing acetaminophen and its transformation products in short reaction times. Aqueous solutions of 10 mg/L-acetaminophen were prepared at pH 3, 5, 7, and 9. These solutions were electrochemically treated at direct current (DC) densities of 5.7 mA/cm 2 , 7.6 mA/cm 2 , and 9.5 mA/cm 2 . The pharmaceutical and its intermediates/oxidation products were determined by using high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). The results showed that electrochemical oxidation processes occurred in the cell. Acetaminophen degradation rate constants increased proportionally with the increase of current intensity. High current densities accelerated the degradation of acetaminophen; however, this effect diminished remarkably at pH values greater than 5. At pH 3 and 9.5 mA/cm 2 , the fastest degradation of acetaminophen and its intermediates/oxidation products was achieved. To minimize the wear down of the electrodes, a current density ramp is recommended, first applying 9.5 mA/cm 2 during 2.5 min or 7.6 mA/cm 2 during 7.5 min and then continuing the electrochemical oxidation process at 5.7 mA/cm 2 . This strategy will hasten the acetaminophen oxidation, extend the electrode's life, and shorten the reaction time needed to degrade the pharmaceutical and its intermediates/oxidation products. DC densities up to 9.5 mA/cm 2 can be supplied by photovoltaic cells.

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“…No signal was observed in the absence of RLX, which confirms the electrochemical reaction between RLX and carbon working electrode, figure 2b. shifted with the change of pH indicating the involvement of protons during the electron transfer [22] . As can be seen in figure 3a, the anode potential shifted to less positive values from 0.35 V (pH 1) to 0.15 V (pH 8.8) with the increase of pH, suggesting a pH dependence.…”

Section: Electrochemical Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ratios closed to unity at a given pH suggest product stability [22] , since further interactions with molecules in solution are not obtained and currents have same magnitudes. The generated intermediate had the greatest stability at pH 6 with a peak current ratio of 1.08, figure 3b.…”

Section: Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulating the phase II metabolism of raloxifene on a screen-printed electrode

Vasiliadou

Welham

2017

Can. J. Chem.

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Raloxifene (RLX) is a selective estrogen receptor modulator widely used for the treatment of osteoporosis in post-menopause women. Toxicological in vitro studies suggested the reactivity of RLX through phase I metabolism. Herein, we describe a simple and inexpensive method for monitoring the reactive metabolism and detoxification of RLX by electrochemistry (EC) and mass spectrometry (MS). The phase I metabolite was synthesized electrochemically on a screenprinted electrode (SPE) and subsequently reacted with glutathione (GSH). The resulted GSHadducts and GSH disulfides were characterized off-line by electrospray ionization (ESI) /MS.3

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Electrochemical oxidation of acetaminophen in aqueous solutions: Kinetic evaluation of hydrolysis, hydroxylation and dimerization processes

Cited by 265 publications

References 30 publications

Advanced oxidation of catechol in reverse osmosis concentrate generated in leather wastewater by Cu–graphite electrode

Advanced oxidation of catechol in reverse osmosis concentrate generated in leather wastewater by Cu–graphite electrode

Degradation of Acetaminophen and Its Transformation Products in Aqueous Solutions by Using an Electrochemical Oxidation Cell with Stainless Steel Electrodes

Simulating the phase II metabolism of raloxifene on a screen-printed electrode

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