Electrochemical polymerization of aniline and N-alkylanilines

Watanabe, Akira; Mori, Kunio; Iwabuchi, Akira; Iwasaki, Yasunori; Nakamura, Yoshiro; Ito, Osamu

doi:10.1021/ma00199a003

Cited by 126 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…To confirm the formation of the copolymer of DPA and OPD, the FT-IR spectrum of the copolymer (R = 1:1) is band at 1509 cm -1 is the characteristic of C-C multiple bond stretching modes of benzene ring [6]. The strong absorption band at 1670 cm -1 is assigned to the bending mode of aromatic secondary amine [7].…”

Section: Ft-ir Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To extend its application in practice, several studies have been made toward the improvement of solubility and processability of PANI. The typical procedures are as the following: preparation of the substituted PANI through post-treatment of the base form of PANI [4]; electrochemical or chemical homopolymerization of aniline derivatives [5][6][7]; and the electrochemical or chemical copolymerization of aniline with different kinds of ring or N-alkyl substituted aniline derivatives [8][9][10]. The improved processability, electrochromism and other properties over PANI have been noticed for the polymers derived from the various benzene ring substituted and N-substituted aniline derivatives.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In Situ UV–Vis Spectroelectrochemical Studies on the Copolymerization of Diphenylamine and o-Phenylenediamine

Zhang¹,

Hou²,

Lang³

2011

AJAC

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The in situ ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroelectrochemical study on the copolymerization of diphenylamine (DPA) and o-phenylenediamine (OPD) has been performed at a constant potential of 0.8 V using indium tin oxide (ITO)-coated glass electrodes as working electrode. And also, as a comparison, the electrochemical homopolymerizations of DPA and OPD have been investigated by using the in situ spectroelectrochemical technique. The intermediate species generated during the electrochemical homopolymerization of DPA and OPD, and the copolymerization of DPA with OPD have been identified by using the in situ spectroelectrochemical procedure. The results reveal the formation of an intermediate in the initial stage of copolymerization through the cross-reaction of the cation radicals of DPA and OPD, and the absorption peak located at 538 nm in the UV-Vis spectra is assigned to this intermediate. To further investigate the copolymerization of DPA with OPD, cyclic voltammetry (CV) has been used to study the electrochemical ho-mopolymerization of DPA and OPD and also the copolymerization of DPA and OPD with different concentration ratios in solution. The different voltammetric characteristics between the homopolymerization and copolymerization processes exhibit the occurrence of the copolymerization, and the difference between the copolymerization of DPA and OPD with different concentration ratios shows the dependence of the copolymerization on the concentrations of DPA and OPD. The copolymer has also been characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR).

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Section: Ft-ir Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Situ UV–Vis Spectroelectrochemical Studies on the Copolymerization of Diphenylamine and o-Phenylenediamine

Zhang¹,

Hou²,

Lang³

2011

AJAC

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“…In the case of POA powder, the characteristics absorption band at 1571 cm À1 is assigned for C=C stretching frequency mode of benzene ring. 21 The strong absorption band at 1501 cm À1 is assigned for the bending mode of aromatic secondary amine. 22 The band around 1393 cm À1 may be due to the stretching vibration of C-N groups with partially double bond characteristics.…”

Section: Isolation Of Poa-pet Film From Homopolymermentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure and Thermal Behavior of Poly(o-anisidine)/Poly(ethylene terephthalate) Composite

Santhosh

Gopalan

Sankarasubramanian

et al. 2005

Polym J

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ABSTRACT:Poly(o-anisidine)-Poly(ethylene terephthalate) composite film was prepared by chemical oxidative polymerization method. The composite film shows a conductivity of about 15.6 K À1 cm À1 with 3.5 wt. % of POA. Fourier Transform infra-red (FT-IR) and UV-vis spectral analyses reveal the existence of hydrogen bonding interactions between the groups in PET and POA. X-Ray diffraction analysis informs that the amorphous characteristic of PET is affected by the presence of POA in the composite. UV-vis spectral results demonstrate that there exists cross-linking in the composite film when the POA in the composite undergoes doping and dedoping. AFM micrographs confirm the formation of genuine composite between POA and PET.

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“…12,13 Polymerization of the monomer aniline, can be achieved either chemically [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] or electrochemically. [26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36] In fact, both polymerization routes have been widely investigated in the literature. In the chemical synthesis of polyaniline, various oxidants including ammonium persulfate, potassium bichromate, potassium iodate, potassium permanganate, hydrogen peroxide, etc have been used for the oxidative polymerization of aniline, but the most frequent exploited oxidant is ammonium persulfate.…”

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confidence: 99%

Polymerization of Aniline through Simultaneous Chemical and Electrochemical Routes

Eftekhari

Jafarkhani

2006

Polym J

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ABSTRACT:Simultaneous chemical and electrochemical polymerization of aniline was investigated to explore the competition between two polymerization routes. It was found that initial chemical polymerization may significantly affect the electrochemical polymerization; thus, it is possible to control the polymer morphology. By performing the electropolymerization with slow scans, the initial chemical polymerization results in the formation of a nanostructured backbone, which will also affect subsequent electropolymerization (even in the absence of chemical polymerization). By this trick, it is possible to prepare highly porous and uniform nanostructured polyaniline film adherently attached to the substrate surface. In fact, chemically synthesized polyaniline nano-particles acts as growth sites for electrochemical polymerization, and in appropriate condition, numerous sites are formed instead of their continuous growth.

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Electrochemical polymerization of aniline and N-alkylanilines

Cited by 126 publications

References 6 publications

<i>In Situ</i> UV–Vis Spectroelectrochemical Studies on the Copolymerization of Diphenylamine and <i>o</i>-Phenylenediamine

<i>In Situ</i> UV–Vis Spectroelectrochemical Studies on the Copolymerization of Diphenylamine and <i>o</i>-Phenylenediamine

Microstructure and Thermal Behavior of Poly(o-anisidine)/Poly(ethylene terephthalate) Composite

Polymerization of Aniline through Simultaneous Chemical and Electrochemical Routes

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Electrochemical polymerization of aniline and N-alkylanilines

Cited by 126 publications

References 6 publications

&lt;i&gt;In Situ&lt;/i&gt; UV–Vis Spectroelectrochemical Studies on the Copolymerization of Diphenylamine and &lt;i&gt;o&lt;/i&gt;-Phenylenediamine

&lt;i&gt;In Situ&lt;/i&gt; UV–Vis Spectroelectrochemical Studies on the Copolymerization of Diphenylamine and &lt;i&gt;o&lt;/i&gt;-Phenylenediamine

Microstructure and Thermal Behavior of Poly(o-anisidine)/Poly(ethylene terephthalate) Composite

Polymerization of Aniline through Simultaneous Chemical and Electrochemical Routes

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<i>In Situ</i> UV–Vis Spectroelectrochemical Studies on the Copolymerization of Diphenylamine and <i>o</i>-Phenylenediamine

<i>In Situ</i> UV–Vis Spectroelectrochemical Studies on the Copolymerization of Diphenylamine and <i>o</i>-Phenylenediamine