Electrochemical Processes in Manufacturing

Enriched Surface Oxygen Vacancies of CeO2 Nanosheets: Surfactant Free Synthesis at Room Temperature and its Enhanced Anti‐bacterial Property

“…It was observed that the grain size of a CeO 2 nanoparticle is approximately 10 nm, which was closely to the XRD results (the value calculated by Scherrer's formula). The (100) and (110) facets showed greater oxygen vacancy density for CeO 2 than (111) facet [1] . The energy of oxygen vacancy's formation at (111) bare facet is higher than the other (110) and (100) facets; thus, more oxygen vacancies are formed at the (110) and (100) crystal planes than (111) plane [1] .…”

“…The (100) and (110) facets showed greater oxygen vacancy density for CeO 2 than (111) facet [1] . The energy of oxygen vacancy's formation at (111) bare facet is higher than the other (110) and (100) facets; thus, more oxygen vacancies are formed at the (110) and (100) crystal planes than (111) plane [1] . For instance, nanoparticles regularly constitute octahedral or condensed octahedral morphology and are chiefly exposed to the most stable plane i. e. (111), to keep the surface energy minimum.…”

“…Rare earth oxides based nanomaterials have taken much attention owing to their 4f electronic structure, which can lead to incredible magnetic, electrical, optical, nuclear and luminescence properties [1–3] . Among them, cerium oxide (CeO 2 ) has gained profound importance due to the high O 2 storage capability, vacancy in its valence shells (4f, 5d), stability at high temperature, chemical reactive, electrical conductive and large O 2 ionic conductivity, high adsorption of UV radiations and hardness etc [2,4] .…”

“…Among them, cerium oxide (CeO 2 ) has gained profound importance due to the high O 2 storage capability, vacancy in its valence shells (4f, 5d), stability at high temperature, chemical reactive, electrical conductive and large O 2 ionic conductivity, high adsorption of UV radiations and hardness etc [2,4] . Ceria has a cubic fluorite‐form structure, and its ions are in electropositive state which co‐exists in two different oxidation forms (Ce 3+ and Ce 4+ ) [1,5] . The Ce 4+ cation is bounded by eight O 2− ions (surface oxygen).…”

“…Generally, the 1D nanostructures and 2D nanosheets of CeO 2 retained the (100) and (110) planes, which have additional oxygen vacancies and transportation on their crystal's surface, favoring the redox reactions on their surfaces [1,2] . Similarly, Jinglu et al [10] .…”