Electrochemical properties of microwave-assisted reflux-synthesized Mn3O4 nanoparticles in different electrolytes for supercapacitor applications

Abstract

The nanosized Mn 3 O 4 particles were prepared by microwave-assisted reflux synthesis method. The prepared sample was characterized using various techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Raman analysis, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Electrochemical properties of Mn 3 O 4 nanoparticles were investigated using cyclic voltammogram (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and galvanostatic charge-discharge analysis in different electrolytes such as 1 M KCl, 1 M Na 2 SO 4 , 1 M NaNO 3 , and 6 M KOH electrolytes. XRD pattern reveals the formation of single-phase Mn 3 O 4 nanoparticles. The FT-IR and Raman analysis also assert the formation of Mn 3 O 4 nanoparticles. The TEM image shows the spherical shape particles with less than 50 nm sizes. Among all the electrolytes, the Mn 3 O 4 nanoparticles possess maximum specific capacitance of 94 F g -1 in 6 M KOH electrolyte calculated from CV. The order of capacitance obtained by various electrolytes is 6 M KOH [ 1 M KCl [ 1 M NaNO 3 [ 1 M Na 2 SO 4 . The EIS and galvanostatic charge-discharge results further substantiate with the CV results. The cycling stability of Mn 3 O 4 electrode reveals that the prepared Mn 3 O 4 nanoparticles are a suitable electrode material for supercapacitor application.

Polyetheramide Templated Synthesis of Monodisperse Mn3O4 Nanoparticles with Controlled Size and Study of the Electrochemical Properties

“…7). Additionally, the specific capacitance of sample a was larger than that of Mn 3 O 4 prepared by the microwave-assisted reflux synthesis method [30], which was highly aggregated and usually larger than 50 nm, leading to a lower specific surface area and specific capacitance. The galvanostatic charge-discharge curves of sample a at different current densities are shown in Fig.…”

Mixed valence nanostructured Mn3O4 for supercapacitor applications

“…The shape of the CVs is quasirectangular, which confirms that the electrochemical reaction in Mn 3 O 4 electrodes have reversibility with KOH electrolyte. 9 It was found that the current density increases with an increase in the scan rate and reaches maximum for 20 mV s −1 . This shows that the voltametric current density is directly proportional to the scan rates of CV, which indicates the behaviour of an ideal capacitor.…”

“…Many reports on the synthesis and characterization of nanostructured Mn 3 O 4 through different routes for supercapactitor applications have appeared in the literature. [7][8][9] Specific capacitance as high as 314 F g −1 under low scan rates makes the material a potential candidate for supercapacitor applications. [8][9][10] Advantages of Mn 3 O 4 as a supercapacitor electrode material include good efficiency, long-term performance, low cost, environmental compatibility and good corrosion stability.…”

“…[7][8][9] Specific capacitance as high as 314 F g −1 under low scan rates makes the material a potential candidate for supercapacitor applications. [8][9][10] Advantages of Mn 3 O 4 as a supercapacitor electrode material include good efficiency, long-term performance, low cost, environmental compatibility and good corrosion stability. 7,11 This paper reports on the synthesis of nanostructured Mn 3 O 4 through a novel microwaveassisted two-step chemical method and its structural characterization using X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and BrunaerEmmett-Teller (BET) surface area analysis.…”

Synthesis of Ag/NiO composite nanosheets and empty microspheres and their highly effective electrocatalytic properties

“…The significant transition metal oxides with nanostructures generally possess numerously highlighted physicochemical properties and have been applied widely in catalysts [1][2][3][4], electrochemistry [5,6], gas sensors [7,8], biomedical materials [9,10] and other fields. Of the oxides, nickel oxide (NiO), an important p-typed semiconductor with stable band gap, has received much attention and been extensively studied and used frequently as electrode for lithium ion batteries and funnel cells [11,12], catalysts [13][14][15], electrochemical supercapacitors [16,17], dyesensitized photocathodes [18], magnetic materials [19,20], etc.…”