Electrochemical reduction of nitrates and nitrites in alkaline nuclear waste solutions

Genders, J. David; Hartsough, D.; Hobbs, D.T.

doi:10.1007/bf00248182

Cited by 139 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Both the catalytic reduction [1~3] with hydrogen and the dec° trochemical reduction [4] can be applied to the treatment of industrial waste water, whereby nitrate is transformed into harmless nitrogen gas. Moreover, the reduction of nitrate to hydroxylamine is carried out industrially in the lormao tion of caprolactam, the monomer of nylon [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The electrocatalytic reduction of NO3− on Pt, Pd and Pt + Pd electrodes activated with Ge

Gootzen

Peeters

Dukers

et al. 1997

Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry

142

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l~lb~ el bu~rgrmic Chemi,~lr~' aml Catra!vsix, EindhoPen tJni,~6(1~) MB Eimlhocen. Netherlands Received 16 December 1Ot)0; revised 31 January 1997 AhsiraelThe: c~,clroca|alyliqr |vdBcIion of uilrale has been investigated on Pt, Pd and Pl k Pd elecu~od¢,~ covered wi|h a ,~ubmonolayeJ of gern~aniunk PI + Pd eleo,~des were prepared by electrol¢~s deposition of stubmnnolayer~ of Pd on Pl by exchange of PdCI~ for preadsod~ed eopl~,r, Underpote~ ~i,dly deposited germanium enhances the reduction rale of nitrate strongly. The reduction of nitrite i~ euhanced to a lesser extent, whezeas germanium is inactive for NO and hydroxylamine reduction. Furlher. cyclic voltammetry shows that the well known inhibition of the nitrate reduction at low potentials is absent fi~r germaniumomodified electrodes. Amperometry shows lhat the cun~nt densities for nitrate reduction at 0.1 V depend strongly on the composition of the electrode surface. The activities increase in the order Pd, PI and Pt + Pd and all electrodes display a plopurtional relation between the activity and the germanium coverage. This shows that gemmnium is involved in the rate determining step, which is the reduction of nitrate to nitrite and its role is to bind the oxygen atom of nitrate, The higher activities for Pt + Pd electrodes can be understood in terms of changes in the electronic structure of the metals as a result of alloying. Selectivity measurements with a rotating ring-disk electrode have shown for all electrodes that the hydroxylamine selectivity increases for increasing germanium coverage. Pd displays higher hydroxylamine ,;electivides than Pt and Pt + Pd electrode~. No gaseous products were observed for Pi. whereas for Pt + Pd and Pd N~O selectivitie~ up to 8% were found. © 1997 Elsevier Science S.A.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The electrocatalytic reduction of NO3− on Pt, Pd and Pt + Pd electrodes activated with Ge

Gootzen

Peeters

Dukers

et al. 1997

Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry

142

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“…Among the products formed ammonia is found as major species formed via reduction of nitrite intermediate (Chebotareva and Nyokong, 1997;De et al, 2000a, b). There are few reports on reduction of nitrate to nitrogen (Gender et al, 1996;Li et al, 1988b). Besides these two major products there is possibility of formation of other products such as N 2 O, NO, and NH 2 OH.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical denitrificaton of simulated ground water

2005

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“…To overcome this concern, cathodic reduction of these species to gaseous products has been studied. Genders et al [75] studied the reduction of nitrates and nitrites from a synthetic waste mixture using the FM01-LC electrolyser. The effects of electrode materials, cell design, and other experimental parameters were investigated.…”

Section: Treatment Of Process Liquors Wastes and Groundwatermentioning

confidence: 99%

The filter-press FM01-LC laboratory flow reactor and its applications

Rivera

León

Nava

et al. 2015

Electrochimica Acta

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Keywords: electrolyser energy storage environmental remediation FM01-LC mass transport metal ion removal inorganic and organic electrosynthesis water treatment A B S T R A C T The FM01-LC is a laboratory-scale, electrochemical filter-press cell with a projected electrode area of 64 cm 2 and a rectangular electrolyte flow channel which was originally based on the larger FM21-SP electrolyser of 2100 cm 2 projected electrode area designed for the chlor-alkali industry then diversified to other applications. Many laboratories and industries have utilised this type of controlled flow reactor containing plane parallel electrodes in a rectangular channel for industrial and commercial applications. The diverse range of electrodes possible in such cells is emphasized with examples including 3-D metals and carbon, coated metal electrodes and nanostructured surfaces offering a high surface area. The experimental characterization and computational modelling of its reaction environment are concisely described discussed to appreciate the features of this type of electrochemical reactor. The cell construction and reaction environment are summarized, followed by an illustration of its use for a range of applications that include organic and inorganic electrosynthesis, metal ion removal, energy storage, environmental remediation (e.g., precious metal recycling or anodic destruction of organics) and drinking water treatment. Examples of the cell for energy conversion and storage (flow batteries and proton exchange membrane fuel cells) are briefly illustrated. The use of such a flow cell for the characterization of new electrochemical processes and to provide data enabling scale-up is considered.

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Electrochemical reduction of nitrates and nitrites in alkaline nuclear waste solutions

Cited by 139 publications

References 7 publications

The electrocatalytic reduction of NO3− on Pt, Pd and Pt + Pd electrodes activated with Ge

The electrocatalytic reduction of NO3− on Pt, Pd and Pt + Pd electrodes activated with Ge

Electrochemical denitrificaton of simulated ground water

The filter-press FM01-LC laboratory flow reactor and its applications

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