Electrochemical regulation of cell polarity and the cytoskeleton

Campetelli, Alexis N.; Bonazzi, Daria; Minc, Nicolas

doi:10.1002/cm.21047

Cited by 20 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 100 publications

(123 reference statements)

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“…During this process, MEF influenced the ion channels and the electrophoresis of membrane proteins, resulting in the regulation of cytoskeletal elements and cell morphology. 6 The cell morphology and organization and orientation of cytoskeleton would have an effect on the subsequent stem cell differentiation. 33 A CCK-8 assay was conducted to further examine the BMSC proliferation ability on MEFs.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6,10,23 Because of the shielding effect of the plasma membrane, the macromolecules and ion channels embedded in the cell membrane would interact with an external electric field through Coulombic interactions. 10 Under the sustained effect of a MEF, polarized stem cell surface proteins might transduce the electrical signal to the nucleus to activate osteogenic-related genes that might induce osteogenesis (Figure 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Built-in microscale electrostatic fields induced by anatase–rutile-phase transition in selective areas promote osteogenesis

Ning

Zhu

et al. 2016

NPG Asia Mater

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Bone has a built-in electric field because of the presence of piezoelectric collagen. To date, only externally applied electric fields have been used to direct cell behavior; however, these fields are not safe or practical for in vivo use. In this work, for the first time, we use a periodic microscale electric field (MEF) built into a titanium implant to induce osteogenesis. Such a MEF is generated by the periodic organization of a junction made of two parallel semiconducting TiO2 zones: anatase and rutile with lower and higher electron densities, respectively. The junctions were formed through anatase–rutile-phase transition in selective areas using laser irradiation on the implants. The in vitro and in vivo studies confirmed that the built-in MEF was an efficient electrical cue for inducing osteogenic differentiation in the absence of osteogenic supplements and promoted bone regeneration around the implants. Our work opens up a new avenue toward bone repair and regeneration using built-in MEF.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Built-in microscale electrostatic fields induced by anatase–rutile-phase transition in selective areas promote osteogenesis

Ning

Zhu

et al. 2016

NPG Asia Mater

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“…In the central nervous system, DCEFs are involved in the modulation of neurogenesis, axon guidance, and nerve growth, and has been explored as a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of brain damage [3], [4], [6], [7], [8], [9], [11], [12], [14], [30], [31]. Several types of cells migrate directionally to either the anode or cathode when exposed to a DCEF [38]. Therefore, we reasoned that DCEF may also provide guidance cues to mediate glioma invasion in the brain.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Superoxide Mediates Direct Current Electric Field-Induced Directional Migration of Glioma Cells through the Activation of AKT and ERK

Chen

et al. 2013

PLoS ONE

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Direct current electric fields (DCEFs) can induce directional migration for many cell types through activation of intracellular signaling pathways. However, the mechanisms that bridge extracellular electrical stimulation with intracellular signaling remain largely unknown. In the current study, we found that a DCEF can induce the directional migration of U87, C6 and U251 glioma cells to the cathode and stimulate the production of hydrogen peroxide and superoxide. Subsequent studies demonstrated that the electrotaxis of glioma cells were abolished by the superoxide inhibitor N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) or overexpression of mitochondrial superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), but was not affected by inhibition of hydrogen peroxide through the overexpression of catalase. Furthermore, we found that the presence of NAC, as well as the overexpression of MnSOD, could almost completely abolish the activation of Akt, extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (Erk)1/2, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and p38, although only JNK and p38 were affected by overexpression of catalase. The presenting of specific inhibitors can decrease the activation of Erk1/2 or Akt as well as the directional migration of glioma cells. Collectively, our data demonstrate that superoxide may play a critical role in DCEF-induced directional migration of glioma cells through the regulation of Akt and Erk1/2 activation. This study provides novel evidence that the superoxide is at least one of the “bridges” coupling the extracellular electric stimulation to the intracellular signals during DCEF-mediated cell directional migration.

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“…Spatiotemporal electrochemical patterns affect cytoskeletal dynamics and play a role in defining spatial coordinates of tissues and organs in several species [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. Therefore, it is tempting to investigate V mem -and pH igradients in relation to cytoskeletal patterns in a Drosophila mutant with disturbed axial polarity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioelectrical and cytoskeletal patterns correlate with altered axial polarity in the follicular epithelium of the Drosophila mutant gurken

Schotthöfer

Bohrmann

2020

BMC Dev Biol

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Background: Bioelectrical signals are known to be involved in the generation of cell and tissue polarity as well as in cytoskeletal dynamics. The epithelium of Drosophila ovarian follicles is a suitable model system for studying connections between electrochemical gradients, patterns of cytoskeletal elements and axial polarity. By interactions between soma and germline cells, the transforming growth factor-α homolog Gurken (Grk) establishes both the anteroposterior and the dorsoventral axis during oogenesis. Results: In the follicular epithelium of the wild-type (wt) and the polarity mutant grk, we analysed stage-specific gradients of membrane potentials (V mem) and intracellular pH (pH i) using the potentiometric dye DiBAC 4 (3) and the fluorescent pH-indicator 5-CFDA,AM, respectively. In addition, we compared the cytoskeletal organisation in the follicular epithelium of wt and grk using fluorescent phalloidin and an antibody against acetylated α-tubulin. Corresponding to impaired polarity in grk, the slope of the anteroposterior V mem-gradient in stage S9 is significantly reduced compared to wt. Even more striking differences in V mem-and pH i-patterns become obvious during stage S10B, when the respective dorsoventral gradients are established in wt but not in grk. Concurrent with bioelectrical differences, wt and grk exhibit differences concerning cytoskeletal patterns in the follicular epithelium. During all vitellogenic stages, basal microfilaments in grk are characterised by transversal alignment, while wt-typical condensations in centripetal follicle cells (S9) and in dorsal centripetal follicle cells (S10B) are absent. Moreover, in grk, longitudinal alignment of microtubules occurs throughout vitellogenesis in all follicle cells, whereas in wt, microtubules in mainbody and posterior follicle cells exhibit a more cell-autonomous organisation. Therefore, in contrast to wt, the follicular epithelium in grk is characterised by missing or shallower electrochemical gradients and by more coordinated transcellular cytoskeletal patterns. Conclusions: Our results show that bioelectrical polarity and cytoskeletal polarity are closely linked to axial polarity in both wt and grk. When primary polarity signals are altered, both bioelectrical and cytoskeletal patterns in the follicular epithelium change. We propose that not only cell-specific levels of V mem and pH i , or the polarities of transcellular electrochemical gradients, but also the slopes of these gradients are crucial for cytoskeletal modifications and, thus, for proper development of epithelial polarity.

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Electrochemical regulation of cell polarity and the cytoskeleton

Cited by 20 publications

References 100 publications

Built-in microscale electrostatic fields induced by anatase–rutile-phase transition in selective areas promote osteogenesis

Built-in microscale electrostatic fields induced by anatase–rutile-phase transition in selective areas promote osteogenesis

Superoxide Mediates Direct Current Electric Field-Induced Directional Migration of Glioma Cells through the Activation of AKT and ERK

Bioelectrical and cytoskeletal patterns correlate with altered axial polarity in the follicular epithelium of the Drosophila mutant gurken

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