Electrochemical Removal of Humic Acids from Water Using Aluminum Anode: Influence of Chloride Ion and Current Parameters

Capasso, Sante; Salvestrini, Stefano; Roviello, Valentina; Trifuoggi, Marco; Iovino, Pasquale

doi:10.1155/2019/5401475

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…In line with former work [60], the experimental data reported above suggest that the degradation of HA may proceed through one or two pathways, depending on whether chloride is present or not.…”

Section: Kinetic Modellingsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Electrochemical oxidation has proven to be effective with several refractory pollutants such as phenol [42], organochlorine and organophosphorous pesticides [53], dyes [54] and cyanide [55]. Moreover, EO has been satisfactorily applied to the treatment of landfill leachate [6], coking wastewater [56], olive oil mill wastewater [57] and urine wastewater [58], as well as humics and humic-like substances [10,49,51,[59][60][61].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electro-Oxidation of Humic Acids Using Platinum Electrodes: An Experimental Approach and Kinetic Modelling

Salvestrini

Fenti

Chianese

et al. 2020

Water

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Humic acids (HA) are a potential hazard to aquatic ecosystems and human health. Because biological treatment of contaminated water does not satisfactorily remove these pollutants, novel approaches are under evaluation. This work explores electrochemical oxidation of HA in aqueous solution in a lab-scale apparatus using platinum-coated titanium electrodes. We evaluated the effects of HA concentration, current density, chloride concentration and ionic strength on the rate of HA oxidation. The initial reaction rate method was used for determining the rate law of HA degradation. The results showed that the reaction rate was first-order relative to HA concentration, chloride concentration and current density. An appreciable effect of ionic strength was also observed, most likely due to the polyanionic character of HA. We propose a kinetic model that satisfactorily fits the experimental data.

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Section: Kinetic Modellingsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electro-Oxidation of Humic Acids Using Platinum Electrodes: An Experimental Approach and Kinetic Modelling

Salvestrini

Fenti

Chianese

et al. 2020

Water

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“…Generally, in EO processes, it is necessary to add an amount of salt, such as NaCl, into the solution to enhance the conductivity of the system and, in parallel, trigger the in situ generation of active chlorine species. However, since saline wastewater is naturally rich in chloride ions [ 43 , 44 ], the electrochemical production of active chlorine species, including Cl 2 , HOCl, and OCl − , is clear, which means that no further addition of salt is necessary. As reported in the literature, EO successfully removes NH 4 + -NH 3 from saline water systems, but several aspects need to be further discussed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Removal of Nitrogen Compounds from a Simulated Saline Wastewater

et al. 2023

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In the last few years, many industrial sectors have generated and discharged large volumes of saline wastewater into the environment. In the present work, the electrochemical removal of nitrogen compounds from synthetic saline wastewater was investigated through a lab-scale experimental reactor. Experiments were carried out to examine the impacts of the operational parameters, such as electrolyte composition and concentration, applied current intensity, and initial ammoniacal nitrogen concentration, on the total nitrogen removal efficiency. Using NaCl as an electrolyte, the NTOT removal was higher than Na2SO4 and NaClO4; however, increasing the initial NaCl concentration over 250 mg·L−1 resulted in no benefits for the NTOT removal efficiency. A rise in the current intensity from 0.05 A to 0.15 A resulted in an improvement in NTOT removal. Nevertheless, a further increase to 0.25 A led to basically no enhancement of the efficiency. A lower initial ammoniacal nitrogen concentration resulted in higher removal efficiency. The highest NTOT removal (about 75%) was achieved after 90 min of treatment operating with a NaCl concentration of 250 mg·L−1 at an applied current intensity of 0.15 A and with an initial ammoniacal nitrogen concentration of 13 mg·L−1. The nitrogen degradation mechanism proposed assumes a series–parallel reaction system, with a first step in which NH4+ is in equilibrium with NH3. Moreover, the nitrogen molar balance showed that the main product of nitrogen oxidation was N2, but NO3− was also detected. Collectively, electrochemical treatment is a promising approach for the removal of nitrogen compounds from impacted saline wastewater.

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“…Nowadays, many pollutants, generated from anthropogenic activities, are found in groundwater and surface water, stimulating the search for efficient cleaning procedures. Several techniques have been tested for treating organic and inorganic wastewaters including sorption [1][2][3][4][5][6][7], membrane filtration [8,9], reverse osmosis [10] and, in recent years, advanced oxidation processes, such as photodegradation [11][12][13][14][15][16][17] and electro-oxidation [15,18,19]. Sorption process, a generic term covering the processes of adsorption, absorption and ionic exchange, is one of the most effective methods for wastewater treatment, because of its relatively high efficiency, low-cost, and simplicity [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sorption of Organic Pollutants by Humic Acids: A Review

et al. 2020

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Humic acids (HA) are promising green materials for water and wastewater treatment. They show a strong ability to sorb cationic and hydrophobic organic pollutants. Cationic compounds interact mainly by electrostatic interaction with the deprotonated carboxylic groups of HA. Other functional groups of HA such as quinones, may form covalent bonds with aromatic ammines or similar organic compounds. Computational and experimental works show that the interaction of HA with hydrophobic organics is mainly due to π–π interactions, hydrophobic effect and hydrogen bonding. Several works report that sorbing efficiency is related to the hydrophobicity of the sorbate. Papers about the interaction between organic pollutants and humic acids dissolved in solution, in the solid state and adsorbed onto solid particles, like aluminosilicates and magnetic materials, are reviewed and discussed. A short discussion of the thermodynamics and kinetics of the sorption process, with indication of the main mistakes reported in literature, is also given.

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Electrochemical Removal of Humic Acids from Water Using Aluminum Anode: Influence of Chloride Ion and Current Parameters

Cited by 10 publications

References 17 publications

Electro-Oxidation of Humic Acids Using Platinum Electrodes: An Experimental Approach and Kinetic Modelling

Electro-Oxidation of Humic Acids Using Platinum Electrodes: An Experimental Approach and Kinetic Modelling

Electrochemical Removal of Nitrogen Compounds from a Simulated Saline Wastewater

Sorption of Organic Pollutants by Humic Acids: A Review

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